April 17, 2016
By Kochava London

Today, over 99% of farm animals live on factory farms, also known as concentrated-animal feeding operations (CAFOs)....

...According to Ben Carlson, a former employee at Rose Acre Farms, the second largest egg producer in the U.S., “If you haven’t been in a hen plant, you don’t know what hell is,” he says. “This gust of ammonia and urine stench hits you when you open the door, there’s chicken [feces] piled up six feet high before they tractor it out with Bobcats, and your nose and lungs burn like you took a torch to ’em.”...

...Between 1957 and 2005, chicken growth increased by more than 400% (Zuidhof, et al., 2014). Because of the excess weight, it is almost impossible for chickens to walk more than a few feet without dropping. Osteoporosis, heart and lung disease, broken bones, and other skeletal problems are now common in chickens. Professor John Webster of the University of Bristol’s School of Veterinary Science says that broilers are the only livestock that live in chronic pain for the duration of their lives. They don’t move around because it hurts their joints so much.

According to People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), dairy cows and hens are genetically bred to produce more milk and eggs than they naturally would. For example, cows on factory farms produce 12 times more milk than necessary to feed their calves, and a single cow today can produce a whopping 20,000 pounds of milk in a single year.

The inhumane living conditions on factory farms dramatically reduce the lifespan of the animals. Chickens can live up to eight years, but on a factory farm they typically die by age two....

...Factory farming is also detrimental to the environment. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United States (FAO), animal agriculture accounts for 18% of greenhouse gases and 65% of nitrous oxide emissions, which contribute to global warming and air pollution. The 500 million tons of animal waste generated each year leaches into our food and water supplies, contaminating what we eat and drink....

This is a bit of history of nitrous oxide in Earth's atmosphere.

This article is in the American Chemical Society (ACS) publication entitled, "Chemical and Engineering News." To understand the strong statement by the ACS regarding this greenhouse gas an appreciation of it's history might be in order. The ACS is the backbone of the international standards in chemistry.

Thirty-five chemists met (click here) at the College of Pharmacy of the City of New York on April 6, 1876, to found the American Chemical Society. Seven months later, the first president of the newly formed society, John William Draper, delivered his inaugural address at Chickering Hall in New York.
From its inception, the ACS was committed to sharing its professional work with a public audience. ACS began publishing its flagship journal, the Journal of the American Chemical Society (JACS), in April, 1879. Abstracts, which had appeared in JACS since 1897, were given their own publication, Chemical Abstracts in January 1907.
By 1930, ACS had 18,206 members, 83 local sections and 17 disciplinary divisions. On August 25, 1937, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Public Act No. 358, incorporating the society under federal charter. ACS celebrated its centennial year in 1976, at two national meetings with over 10,000 attendees at each....

The article:

August 31, 2009
Volume 87 Issue 35/p. 8/News of The Week
By Jyllian N. Kemsley

Nitrous oxide emissions (click here) are now the single most important threat to the ozone layer, which protects Earth and its inhabitants from ultraviolet radiation, NOAA scientists report (Science, DOI:10.1126/science.1176985).
The chemistry of atmospheric N₂O is well-established: It is stable in the lowest level of the atmosphere, the troposphere, where it has a lifetime of about 100 years and acts like a greenhouse gas. When N₂O migrates up to the stratosphere, it is converted to NO, which reacts with O₃ to produce NO₂ and O₂. NO₂ in turn reacts with O to re-form NO.
The new work uses this N₂O chemistry to calculate nitrous oxide’s “ozone-depletion potential,” which compares the O₃ destroyed per unit mass of N₂O and per unit mass of CFCl₃....

April 4, 2016

The incident took place after midnight in a delivery room.

One night in late January, (click here) four midwives at the Kätilöopisto Maternity Hospital in Helsinki (Finland) were seen indulging the recreational use of nitrous oxide while on duty. They have admitted taking part.

The incident took place "in a delivery room after midnight, until around 2 am. The women were on duty," says Seppo Heinonen, a director of the Helsinki University Central Hospital, which runs the facility as part of the Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa (HUS).

No deliveries were taking place at the time, he told Yle on Monday.

They are all "relatively experienced employees," he said, adding that "they are all professionally qualified and therefore should be aware of the properties of nitrous oxide."...

In 2014, nitrous oxide (N2O) accounted for about 5.9% (click here) of all U.S. greenhouse gas emissions from human activities. Nitrous oxide is naturally present in the atmosphere as part of the Earth's nitrogen cycle, and has a variety of natural sources. However, human activities such as agriculture, fossil fuel combustion, wastewater management, and industrial processes are increasing the amount of N2O in the atmosphere. Nitrous oxide molecules stay in the atmosphere for an average of 114 years before being removed by a sink or destroyed through chemical reactions. The impact of 1 pound of N2O on warming the atmosphere is almost 300 times that of 1 pound of carbon dioxide....

April 12, 2016
By Charlotte Ikonen

Police in Watford (England) (click here) have issued a warning about using nitrous oxide after a rise in canisters littering the town.

The warning comes following the discovery of discarded canisters in areas including Alban Wood, Harebreaks Recreational Ground, and Garston Park.

Nitrous oxide - also known as ‘laughing gas’ - is a chemical gas being used increasingly as a cheap and recreational drug.

It is largely inhaled, usually with the aid of balloons. It leaves users feeling euphoric and relaxed, with some experiencing hallucinations.

28 March 2016

...A dog walker (click here) who reported canisters of nitrous oxide in Cadley, Preston, said he has since found more, surrounded by piles of vomit.

The concerned man said he feared it was the “tip of the iceberg”, with aggressive behaviour from gangs of teenage boys creating “bedlam”.

He said: “This problem with laughing gas has been going on for about 12 months. I’ve contacted the police on many occasions, and on occasion officers do visit, but it doesn’t seem to make a difference.

“I appreciate that the use of laughing gas may not be illegal, but the behaviour that results from it certainly is.

“These lads, who must be between 13 and 15 years old, are whooping, swearing and acting very aggressively....

This is N20.

Nitrous Oxide is a three atom molecule considered to be a compound. It is composed of two nitrogen atoms and an oxygen atom. 

The two nitrogens are triple bonded. One of the nitrogen molecules is then double bonded to an oxygen molecule.

Yes, triple bonds are stronger than double bonds are stronger than single bonds. The bond length is in picometers. Bonds are real things that are measured and studied.

This is another exceptionally stable molecule no different than H20. It is also known as Dinitrogen monoxide.

It has uses in medicine as an anesthetic. It is affectionately called "Laughing Gas." It is listed with the WHO (World Health Organization) in it's "Model List of Essential Medicines" simply because it a basic form of anesthesia. 

Nitrous oxide in one hundred year period has 298 times the impact of carbon dioxide.

It's Sunday Night

No lyrics published.

Chuck Todd is a jerk.

In his introduction of George Clooney he stated Mr. Clooney was one of the one percent of the one percent in the world.

No one in the Democratic primary is vilifying anyone by lying. The people responsible for the impoverishment of people globally, including the USA, are Republicans, their misuse of government and their lack of compassion for everyone other than their Wall Street donors.

Mr. Clooney's wealth is in the annual class of someone like Mitt Romney. We know the good works of George Clooney on a global scale. The difference between Mr. Clooney's income and Mr. Romney's is that Mr. Clooney actually works for it. Mr. Romney sends people into unemployment and has big garage sales to obtain his income.

Mr. Todd needs to stop lying about Democrats to attempt to achieve a head nod from Republicans in his ratings. And a head nod is about all he'll get, too.

This is proof that he works for his money. It is a movie he made in 2007 by Michael Clayton, valued as a great crime thriller filmmaker. The title of the film is "The Truth Can Be Adjusted." (click here)

Ted Cruz is such a joke. Previous generations are dead beat Moms and Dads when it comes to the national debt. I don't recall Grover Norquist being told by the Republicans to get off the Hill.

Yes, it is necessary to raise taxes because the Congress was told the cost of the Climate Crisis and the invoice has now arrived, including sicknesses like Zika.

Yeah, yeah; the climate is always changing. This is ABRUPT CLIMATE CHANGE and was completely predicted in it's totality. I was educated in a university that told me exactly what was coming and that computer models were not up to par at the time.

The Congress knew. Anything else is a lie.

I tell you what, give the invoice to the Kochs.

The reason the USA went into Libya is because Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi turned his military on his own people and were going to kill the entire population of Benghazi. The fact Libya disarmed from nuclear weapons is not a man being a nice guy and was working with the USA. 

The USA and France's intervention into Libya was to end the capacity of Libya'a ability to kill other Libyans. It wasn't about anything else and I refuse to apologize for a middle east that was imploding of it's own weight.

Al Gaddafi was correct. The only way to stop the undeclared civil war as a CONVENIENCE FOR THE USA POLITICS, was to identify the opposition to his dictatorship as a danger to the country and kill them in totality. In realizing he was correct did the USA and its western allies want to stand by ignore the violence and killing and let the USA's politics be protected by genocide? Because those were the options. Either end the killing by Gaddafi and take the political heat in the USA and Europe over the continued civil war PAST the removal of Gaddafi or allow the carnage of the Libyans in east Libya.

No one was applauding the death of Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi in the USA or Europe. He was murdered and that is the classification of his death. The opposition in Libya hated him that much. It was always the hopes of people, like the Late Ambassador Chris Stevens, that the West had influence with the people in places like Benghazi to bring about reform after the threat of death was removed. But, then there was that stupid video and militias USA intelligence didn't know existed.

John Kasich is a Democrat. I suppose he could be called a Rhino, but, he is a Democrat. He is socially conservative because of reasons of religion. Those are his personal beliefs. Remove he personal practice and he is a Democrat.

I never listened to him before. 

Where does he stand on taxes when it comes to the federal debt?

Where does he stand on Social Security?

Where does he stand on the Palestinian issue?

Where does he stand on pork projects like the F35 strike fighter?

Those are only a few issues he never talks about. He likes to pretend he is your neighbor. I don't need a neighbor, I need a president that doesn't declare war on Syria because war simply kills people and forces the acceptance of AMERICAN TERMS of OCCUPATION over the real solutions. Then when the national debt is getting out of control and is impacting the people of the USA we pull out and leave incompetent governments with a militiary that are basically absent from a commitment and a power vacuum to sovereignty.

I need a president that cares about the USA and looks at RECREATIONAL WARS OF CONVENIENCE like Iraq, stands with the United Nation's weapons and nuclear inspectors and puts the American infrastructure and educational systems first before he ventures into a nonthreatening country because it's dictator threatened Dada!

Where does Kasich stand on the very "W"rongful war into Iraq? I am tired of hearing how it was wrong and NOTHING is done about the "W"rongfulness of it only to use it all over again as an opportunity to benefit the US military budget over the needs of Americans.

Where does he stand on breaking up the banks?

A Republican actually kicked the Koch Machine in the Teeth? Right. If he disapproves of the Koch Brothers and their priority to ignore the heating of Earth, THEN SAY SO!

The Kochs and all these privately family owned businesses are the primary beneficiaries of hostile Republicans politics. Who is going to finally say it? Walmart owes the USA a whole lot of money because we have been paying their employees grocery and medical bills.

The Kochs are paying a lot of money to Republican to deny the climate crisis to insure their profits. THAT IS CORRUPTION TO THE HIGHEST ORDER. Who in the Republican Party is saying it?

Kasich is second among potential nominees in New York because he is a Democrat.

23 August 2013

Americans for Prosperity (AFP), (click here) one of the largest conservative activist groups in the United States, held their annual “Defending the American Dream Summit” in Columbus, Ohio, this week, but the state’s Republican Governor John Kasich was not invited.
Kasich’s decision to expand Medicaid under Obamacare—a move that the U.S. Supreme Court ruled was optional and up to state discretion—is a sore subject for fiscal conservatives and led to him being, not just left out of an event held in his backyard, but attacked by several of the event’s speakers, including former Texas Gov. Rick Perry and AFP President Tim Phillips.
Obamacare critics do not like how the law allows Medicaid, originally enacted as a safety net to provide health coverage for poor mothers and children, to be expanded to cover able-bodied, working-age adults. Federal funds cover the costs of the new enrollees but will start scaling back in 2017. Moreover, states are on the hook for administrative costs for signing up the new enrollees, whose numbers have far exceeded estimates....

Fracking is not an opinion. Fracking is about the thirst for money regardless of the dangers of the technology for both water quality, air  quality and Earth's atmosphere.

The facts out weigh the demand for wealth.

There isn't an American that should indulge greed over the facts coming out of Oklahoma, fracturing the North American craton and destroying the land permanently. There is no going back after earthquakes.

I think Ivanka is a great woman.

Donald J. Trump (click here) brought out his daughter Ivanka at a campaign rally on Feb. 8 in Manchester, N.H.

Donald Trump cannot be that evil on a personal basis if he brings his daughter to share the spotlight.

Her family is obviously very young, but, she needs to put politics into her universe. She will be successful when she finally decides to be the candidate on the ballot. I look forward to her. Young women will be exceptionally happy to have her represent them. I think she listens and that is why she is very popular.

Feeding any dog will bring the person into 'the pack.' Dogs, no matter the breed, are pack animals. The first and highest order of bonding a pack animal is to hand feed it.

Hand feeding also brings an odor to the feed experience that a simple bowl feeding doesn't carry with it.

This particular 'begger dog' is bonded to her. The best way to break his habit is to have someone currently taking the video or the assistant hand feed him and imprint an addition to his pack. I would be surprised if he became aggressive, especially when the eye level is uneven and his is below the person hand feeding him.

My favorite bonding activity that has not failed me yet is this:

l. There is that refrigerated dog food found in upscale pet stores and/or grocery stores. I purchase a container that has more than one meal.

2. Take it home, put it in the refrigerator.

3. Prepare any regular dog dish preparation and set it on the counter or any place nearby such as table. Do not feed this yet.

4. Get the 'treat' of dog food from the refrigerator and a spoon, preferably a size spoon that will accommodate the size of the dog; teaspoon or tablespoon.

5. Call the dog.

6. Insure the dog's eye level is below the person feeding the dog if possible. Children often are at the eye level of the dog. The children win out for their young and vulnerable status and the hand feeding. That is my opinion.

7. Spoon feed the dog about three or four spoonfuls.

8. Then put the regular dog food in reach of the dog (on the floor or in an elevated dog dish).

9. Sit by and watch the dog eat, but, that isn't necessary. A bonding has been established between the dog and the person. They are a pack in one of the most intimate experiences among pack members either domestically or in the wild.

It always works for me, but, it might just be me.

In the situation above, I think the dog will move away from the door if someone else feeds him and they bond with him instead of the door-person.


contained...

Yes, whales communicate with each other. They select a breeding partner, right? How do they make that selection?

I held my breath and swam deeper, (click here) 10, 20, 30 feet. I heard a thunderous crack, then another, so loud they vibrated my chest. Below my kicking feet, two sperm whales emerged from the shadows, each as long as a school bus.

The cracking was coming from the whales; it’s a form of sonar called echolocation that species of dolphins, whales and other cetaceans use to “see” underwater. With these vocalizations, called clicks, the whales were snapping three-dimensional images of my body, and those of my diving companions, from the inside out — scanning us to see if we were a threat, or if we were food....

The most musical whale with a wide variety of tones, something like 17 different tones, is the humpback. Most people call the humpbacks' tones 'singing.'

I know this is not going to go over well, but, in the USA and most western countries whale tourism is against the law. As a matter of fact the 'swim with a dolphin' is tolerated because of economic returns, but, it is unlawful. To a scientist it is highly unethical.

The reason for such standards in the profession is because contact with human beings changes the 'signature' of the marine mammals. That is exceptionally true of dolphins.

The man in this article is involved in what scientists and the government calls 'takes.' Takes in the year 2016 is defined as CONTACT with a marine mammal. When a scientist is conducting research they have apply to the government and quality for 'takes' in every study they conduct. The 'takes' of scientists sometimes involve setting out a net around a marine mammal and weighing, measuring, recording, blood test and taking pictures of an individual. Those takes are to measure a population's health and hopefully detect early on any level of poisons in the water, etc.

A very dear woman scientist is so attuned to the dolphins of the "Sarasota" population she can listen through a microphone underwater and identify them by their 'signature.' She can also easily pick up new 'signatures' and realize when a female dolphin has given birth.

But, in all honesty when tourists take pictures on a whale watching boat, they are using 'unauthorized takes.' No one is going to stop them. Those activities endear these large mammals to society and provide them a great deal of protection. Those unauthorized takes are mostly benign, but, getting up close and personal leads to changes in 'signature' whistles. That is a fact.

I believe when a signature changes it relates a bonding between species members. Whales don't discern other species as whales so much as a species that can communicate with them.

The ability to impact a 'signature' is a profound reality to the human species. It is a privilege, but, also an astounding reality. Think about it.

I simply believe anyone involved in sensitive conservation activities should know the unspoken rule of the species we have come to understand and love. The purity of the activity should be part of a professional's priorities.

Let's see Do-Ra-Me-Fa-So-La-Te-Do. That is EIGHT human tones. I think the humpback whale has something on us, yes? Okay, okay, there are sharps and flats which makes it 24 different tones.

Tones are not words.

It is all moving. The polar ice is at it's lowest.

USGS (click here) There is even movement in Puerto Rico.

M3.4 - 3km SSW of Volcano, Hawaii (click here)

April 8, 2016
By Shannon Hall

NASA scientists claim climate change is shifting the Earth’s poles. Photo by NASA/JPL-Caltech

The north pole is on the run. (click here) Although it can drift as much as 10 meters across a century, sometimes returning to near its origin, it has recently taken a sharp turn to the east. Climate change is the likely culprit, yet scientists are debating how much melting ice or changing rain patterns affect the pole’s wanderlust.

The geographical poles—the north and south tips of the axis that the Earth spins around—wobble over time due to small variations in the sun’s and moon’s pulls, and potentially to motion in Earth’s core and mantle. But changes on the planet’s surface can alter the poles, too. They wobble with every season as the distribution of snow and rain change, and over long stretches as well.

Roughly 10,000 years ago, for example, Earth woke up from a deep freeze and the massive ice sheets sitting atop what is now Canada melted. As ice mass fled, and the depressed crust rebounded, the distribution of the planet’s mass changed and the north pole started to drift west. This pattern can be clearly seen in data from 1899 onward. But a recent zigzag in the north pole’s path (and the opposite movement in the south pole) suggests a new change is afoot....



The quakes have been occurring at the North Pole the last few years.

Ice is classified as a rock. The rocks are gone. There is plate movement.

2015-07-15 08:13:07 (UTC)
M3.1 - 2km NNE of North Pole, Alaska (click here)

The rail summit.

The dream is still alive and discussed (click here)

We need to do this.

There are extensive small rail operations already in place. The coast to coast project does not mean smaller operators have to give up their control. The smaller systems could simply be expanded with larger potential if that is what works. The smaller systems can 'buy in' to the larger rail system with potential earnings to pay for their share. The existing systems can all be shareholders to a larger system. It would be a mistake to exert a single proprietor. Diversity works in such extensive systems.

It is time to summit.

By chance some don't see it as plainly as I do.

Sea World Orcas

Keiko is the only Orca set free after being caught in the wild, then trained for performances and widely known by the public.

He was 27 years old when he died. That is very old. In captivity males live about 17 years and female about 29 years old. He died of pneumonia. That is not an unusual cause of death for Orcas in captivity (click here).  It could have been his time with a weakened immune system due to age. The ocean climate including bacteria, etc., were probably different than when he lived there before. 

Is Keiko definitive to all whale releases? That is not a conclusion that can be made. 

He traveled to Norway and passed in Taknes Fjord. What is the shape of a fjord? What is the shape of a captive marine mammal pool? How does it look with ecolocation? Marine mammals are exceptionally intelligent.

It seems when he was the weakest in his life time and felt threatened because of his compromised ability to breath with pneumonia; he sought a fjord because it felt very safe and familiar. How did he know there was a fjord within the water? Ecolocation. When he felt threatened a fjord would probably mimic his former pool and limited his energy to expend in his distress.

I think it is fairly obvious Orcas after capture change their impression of the world.

Can and should this be attempted again? Can it? Yes, there is nothing preventing it by law that I am aware of. Should it? Those are ethical questions and should be brought as a paper to a professional society such as "The Society of Marine Mammalogy." (click here) Even a professional poster at a convention or in a journal could establish the ethics surrounding the issue. I am not aware of any professional presentation about Keiko and/or captive Orcas.

I could not hear the commercial from Sea World one more time without clarifying the status of Orcas in performance shows. These captive mammals due fall under the Endangered Species Act.

I think a lot can be learned from Keiko. I also think there needs to be scientific papers written on captive Orcas. Access is based upon their status defined in the Marine Mammal Protection Act as well as the Endangered Species Act. 

Professional organizations have members from around the world and is a good place to work through ethics and possibilities.

Have a better day.

Our Mission (click here)

The mission of the international Society for Marine Mammalogy (SMM) is to promote the global advancement of marine mammal science and contribute to its relevance and impact in education, conservation and management.

Our Objectives

• Evaluate and promote the educational, scientific and managerial advancement of marine mammal science.
• Gather and disseminate to members of the Society, the public and public and private institutions, scientific, technical and management information through publications and meetings.
• Provide scientific information, as required, on matters related to the conservation and management of marine mammal resources.

There is a distinctive difference between corporations and human beings. Habeas corpus does not apply to corporations.

Corporations ? rights ? are limited and primarily CREATED BY THE CREATOR by contact law. A corporation has no body, can't be housed or jailed. "Lehman Brothers, Inc." could never serve prison sentences. The habeas corpus of LAW is exclusive to human beings. Corporations can never have a parole officer. 

Latin for "you have the body," it is a writ (court order) which directs the law enforcement officials (prison administrators, police or sheriff) who have custody of a prisoner to appear in court with the prisoner to help the judge determine whether the prisoner is lawfully in prison or jail. The writ is obtained by petition to a judge in the county or district where the prisoner is incarcerated, and the judge sets a hearing on whether there is a legal basis for holding the prisoner. Habeas corpus is a protection against illegal confinement, such as holding a person without charges, when due process obviously has been denied, bail is excessive, parole has been granted, an accused has been improperly surrendered by the bail bondsman or probation has been summarily terminated without cause. Historically called "the great writ," the renowned scholar of the Common Law, William Blackstone, called it the "most celebrated writ in English law." It may also be used as a means to contest child custody and deportation proceedings in court. The writ of habeas corpus can be employed procedurally in federal district courts to challenge the constitutionality of a state court conviction.

Corporation do not have citizen rights and vote. The weigh in to spend cash in order to effect an election. Think about that one. There has been criminality provided by the Supreme Court to effect elections. That is not a crime? That isn't criminality? That isn't an attempt to control the country to remove the social standards of 'the people?' 

Undue Influence is a VIOLATION in contract law:

In contract law, a defense that can be used by a party to argue against the formation of a binding contract between two parties. The use of undue influence by one party over another puts the free will of one of the parties entering the contract into question, and therefore leads to the contract being unenforceable and voidable by the victim party. To prove undue influence, a party must show that one party to the contract is a person with weaknesses which make him likely to be affected by such persuasion, and that the party exercising the persuasion is someone in a special relationship with the victim that makes the victim especially susceptible to such persuasion.

Plutocracy is not democracy.

Superpacs don't have a special relationship with the victim? The voter? It is a hostile relationship built completely on Undue Influence.