Monday, February 15, 2016

Getting serious about Mosquitoes?

I always keep one container in my pack with pre-treated clothing.

Sawyer Premium Insect Repellent Clothing (click here)

It stays with the clothing for about three washings. The US Government should offer this product to any employees working where mosquitoes are plentiful.

I use insect repellent along with this product. I had no rashes or issues at or later.

And, yes, it is recommended by outfitters serious about their clients.

Strange facts about American Presidents

George Washington (click here) initially refused to accept his salary while president, but eventually relented. It was $25,000 annually....

...George Bush Sr. inspired a word in Japanese. “Bushusuru” means “to do the Bush thing.” It’s used when someone publicly vomits, as Bush did on the Japanese Prime Minister in 1992....

The Bush family revival is not new. During the years there is a Democratic president there is a traveling show that sell tickets and provide a revival atmosphere to keep 'the political dogma alive.' Ask former Secretary Powell. He spoke at the revivals.

Why do the Bushes keep trying to establish the Old Establishment? Because they believe in it as if it were god. They have plans. The "W" administration had investments all along the cabinet; Big Pharm was a favorite. Why Medicare Part D? Because they care about the elderly and disabled? No. Because it has been a huge payment in stock dividends. Why do you think Medicare Part D is paying high prices for medications? The Congress has wanted to adopt the Veteran's Medication System for years now. If a program is begun that feeds Wall Street without an alternative to save money being available to reduce costs to the country; who is that about? The people? The country? Or the profit structure?

They have plans past JEB! JEB if elected as the third Bush would simply be the predecessor to George P.

This family has plans for the country and it is wealth in THEIR pockets. That is not sour grapes, that is a fact.

Impoverishment deepened during the "W" years because Wall Street was the backbone of the USA economy. All the cash reserves "W" could find were drained into the USA cash flow economy. All the cash reserves of OUR GOVERNMENT was drained into the private sector. "W" tried to take $2 Trillion from Social Security.

Don't tell me about these people, I know about these people.

September 2, 2004
By Larry King

(CNN) -- Three generations of the Bush family (click here) sat down with CNN's Larry King on Thursday night to show their support for re-electing President Bush: the former President George H.W. Bush, his grandson Pierce Bush, and son Marvin Bush, George W. Bush's brother.
CNN'S LARRY KING: How do you feel?
PIERCE BUSH, GEORGE W. BUSH'S NEPHEW: I'm feeling great. It's really exciting to be here at the Republican convention. Just started out at a great school, Georgetown University. Very excited about that.
KING: Marvin, what kind of nephew is he?
MARVIN BUSH, GEORGE W. BUSH'S BROTHER: Pierce has been a pretty decent nephew. He came and stayed at my guest house, Larry. He was supposed to stay for the two- to three-day limit. Two, three months later, he was still there.
KING: Still there.
M. BUSH: The good thing about Pierce is he wore the same shirt every day to work for a month. It broke a family record.
P. BUSH: Keep it simple. Keep it simple....

I do not lie.

The USA 2nd Amendment never provided for anarchy.

Democrats should engage the right wing with dialogue that realistic and legally sound. It is a political mistake to allow the right wing to define the issue.

By the way, the late Justice Scalia provided a wise and wonderful testimony on how Americans should be living their lives. He had good doctors to help with his medical issues and he lived and enjoyed life to the very end.

July 29, 2016
By Thomas M. DeFrank

...Scalia, (click here) a card-carrying conservative and stalwart of the Court’s right-leaning majority, told “Fox News Sunday” that the Second Amendment’s language allowing citizens the right to own weapons doesn’t mean they can own any weapon they want.
“There are some limitations that can be imposed,” Scalia said. “What they are will depend on what the society understood were reasonable limitations at the (future) time.”
In a controversial 2008 decision, the Supreme Court declared a handgun ban enacted by the District of Columbia unconstitutional, but the majority noted that, nonetheless, gun ownership was not an unlimited right, said Scalia, who wrote the opinion in that case.
“It will have to be decided in future cases what limitations upon the right to bear arms are permissible,” he added. “Some undoubtedly are.”...

The Gun Lobby doesn't discuss this one. The Friedman v. City of Highland Park is about assault weapon bans. Considering the Court refused to hear it, that can be viewed as a precedent.

December 7, 2015
By NCC Staff

On Monday morning, (click here) the United States Supreme Court denied a potentially significant case on the ability of some Americans to own assault weapons.
The case of Friedman v. City of Highland Park has been listed in recent months for consideration by the nine Supreme Court Justices in private conference. It takes a minimum for four Justices to agree to hear an appeal before the full Court during its current term.
Without announcing the vote count in private conference today, the Supreme Court declined to accept the appeal from Dr. Arie Friedman and the Illinois State Rifle Association. They believed the suburban Illinois city violated their Second Amendment rights when it passed the ownership ban on various semi-automatic weapons, as well as a ban on ammunition clips that hold more than 10 rounds of ammunition....

The primary argument of the Gun Lobby regarding 2nd Amendment Rights is that the government can never be trusted to uphold freedom and democracy; therefore, it is up to the citizens to defend their Constitution. That is an extremist political view and one not subscribed to by the courts.

Take this on. There is no reason to be concerned about confronting the dangers of our citizens. Move forward with weapon bans that threaten the country and it's citizens. This is crazy. Why would the Court allow enough fire power within the country to "so call defend the US Constitution?" If there is enough weaponry and ammunition with the country to defend the US Constitution with a bloody assault against the government; who is to say that same war machine can't overthrow the government when it is not contentious? The entire idea is some sort of ideological complaint that has basis in reality.

The second amendment belongs to all of us. We need better background checks. Everyone can agree on that.

What the heck is that?

February 15, 2016
1230.18z
UNISYS North and West Hemispheric Water Vapor Satellite (click here for 12 hour loop - thank you)

This blasted thing is carrying water vapor to the southeast USA. It looks like a sister vortex is forming. I think it will form another street up to Arctic Circle.

It has plenty of water vapor. By the fact this is moving hot water to the Arctic Circle, it is a heat transfer system. The oscillation trail east is definitely heat transfer. That is sort of standard of the heat transfer systems that don't produce rain. But, I've never seen it like that.

February 13, 2016
1530.18z
UNISYS North and East Water Vapor Satlitte

I've been watching this air mass for days. It has been robbing the ITCZ for days. It looks like a giant pinwheel, but, there is that oscillation trail heading east.

February 10, 2016
1115.18z
UNISYS North and East Hemisphere Water Vapor Satellite

I tell you what. With all this water vapor moving into the USA, including the west coast, the airline industry needs to be exceptionally vigilant of any air turbulence. 


February 15, 2016
0900 utz
Map by NOAA (click here)

NOAA is going to have to be on their toes today. The water vapor is fairly dense aloft. The changes happen fast with these moving air masses. 



Yep. It is already raising concern. That is where the water vapor is creating a vortex. 

Some time ago I wanted to have pilots fill out a questionnaire about turbulence and their experience compared to previous years. In other words, are the winds at all attitudes getting more turbulent compared to previous years? Is each year getting more or less dicey? The project never came together. I should have asked their union about it.

The USA should be very interested in what their pilots are saying, including military pilots. You know the USA thinks air superiority is sophisticated. Not if the climate doesn't let them fly.

In the "The Atlantic" someone realizes "The Bern" is real.

February 15, 20016
By Christopher D. Cook

As Bernie Sanders (click here) defies expectations with a resounding New Hampshire victory and a virtual tie in Iowa, Democratic Party leaders still insist Hillary Clinton is the pragmatic choice to beat Republicans and bring effective leadership and change—if incremental—to Washington. Clinton and her supporters frame the race, and her appeal, as a matter of “ready on day one” leadership and “get things done” practicality. But what does the record show, and what do leadership and pragmatism really mean?

On the pragmatics of electability, nearly every major national poll consistently shows Sanders equaling or bettering Clinton against all Republicans. Polls show Sanders nearly tied with Clinton nationally and rising. On electability, if anything, Sanders has the edge right now. There is nothing empirical to suggest Clinton’s superior electability—quite the contrary given her loss to Barack Obama in 2008 and her flagging campaign this year. While Clinton might gain more moderate Independents (particularly against a polarizing Republican nominee), Sanders can inspire massive Democratic and liberal Independent turnout and likely win over many white working-class swing voters....

What would Justice Scalia do when finding a replacement. I think he'd insist the country come first before politics.

"Morning Papers"

The Rooster

"Okeydoke"

February 14, 2016
By Alan Blinder and Manny Fernandez

HOUSTON — When Justice Antonin Scalia (click here) did not respond to a knock at the door of his suite at the Cibolo Creek Ranch at 8:30 a.m. on Saturday, John B. Poindexter, the property’s owner, was not alarmed.

Perhaps the 79-year-old justice was attending to Supreme Court business, Mr. Poindexter thought, or simply did not wish to be disturbed on his first morning at the remote ranch in West Texas. It was less than three hours later, when Mr. Poindexter tried again, that he found Justice Scalia’s body.

Justice Scalia had no pulse and was clearly dead, Mr. Poindexter recalled in an interview on Sunday.

“His hands were sort of almost folded on top of the sheets,” said Mr. Poindexter, a manufacturing executive from Houston.

He added: “It was just like he was taking a nap. He just went to sleep and didn’t wake up.”...

"Good Night, Moon"

The first quarter

7.2 days old

48,2 percent lit

Now, about that one way trip to Mars.

February 14, 2016
By Alyssa Navarro

Throughout (click here) the known universe, the Earth is considered significantly distinct from other planets and cosmic objects because it is the only home to living beings.
In fact, our planet's ability to host life may be linked to the existence of rare minerals, differentiating it from others in the cosmos.
The pair found that there is an association between the presence of minerals on Earth and the planet's ability to sustain life.
"Life depends on minerals," says Hazen, a scientist at the Geophysical Laboratory in the Carnegie Institution of Washington. "Life could not have begun without some of the chemical properties that minerals provided at Earth's beginning."
Their conclusion is that each planet with the ability to support life has a unique fingerprint of rare minerals. It's also very likely that planets such as Mercury and Mars have much simpler minerals because they cannot sustain life....


Sunday, February 14, 2016

How can investments find funding?

Country's such as Norway have never given up on their Kyoto commitment. Norwegian scientists have also witnessed to us the reality of melting methane condensate beds with warming seas and currents. The melting methane hydrates are all part of the "Negative Feedback" loop, which complicates all these efforts. It is why we have to proceed with vigor to accomplish these goals.
February 12, 2016
By Ben Garside
Norway still needs to buy around 20 million CERs (click hereto put it on track to meeting its 2020 Kyoto Protocol emissions target after contracting a little over 10 million over the past year via an open tender.
The country is one of the few remaining buyers of the UN-backed carbon credits and is negotiating deals with developers on a case-by-case basis to ensure it will have enough.
“We are looking at contracting around 80 million CERs for calculation purposes,” said Sigurd Klakeg, an official in Norway’s environment ministry who oversees the programme.
He said this would ensure the country gets the expected 60 million CERs it needs to hit its target under Kyoto’s second commitment period (2013-2020)....

Next week will start with Article 13. It is long and important.

Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) (click here)
Carbon credits generated through the CDM which can be used to meet an Annex B Party’s emission commitment under the Kyoto Protocol, as a unit of trade in GHG emissions trading systems or- if credits are subsequently cancelled – as a method of auditing to deliver foreign aid/investment


This is a very important definition.

Success in climate goals can be profitable.

February 5, 2016
The group travels on Nangaritza River (click here) in the Ecuadorean Amazon. Charles J. Smith photos
"I think I know an entrepreneurial operation when I see one," says Sheldon Engelhorn, stepping out of the canoe and onto the slippery banks of the rain-swollen Nangaritza River in the Ecuadorean Amazon, believed to be the most biodiverse place on Earth because it joins the Brazilian Amazon to the Pacific through a low point in the Andes called the Paramo.
I am on a rollicking expedition with the San Diego directors of Nature & Culture International, brainy entrepreneurs all, including Charles Smith (the Knowledge Factor), Steve Schutz (co-inventor of the online greeting card and Starfall, which is a kids reading site with 1 million page views a month) and Engelhorn, a biochemist who co-founded Novex, an off-the-shelf tool company that separates proteins and nucleic acids and now is a part of Life Technologies/ThermoFisherScientific. Engelhorn is also the recent alumni regent of the University of California.
And famed Harvard biologist E.O. Wilson (The Meaning of Human Existence) has recently joined NCI'S board....

This video is another one:

Article 12 of Kyoto Protocol

1. A clean development mechanism is hereby defined. 

Clean as I understand it, is well defined and obvious to it's purpose and outcome.

2. The purpose of the clean development mechanism shall be to assist Parties not included in Annex I in achieving sustainable development and in contributing to the ultimate objective of the Convention, and to assist Parties included in Annex I in achieving compliance with their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments under Article 3. 

3. Under the clean development mechanism: 

(a) Parties not included in Annex I will benefit from project activities resulting in certified emission reductions; and 

Clear and measurable.

(b) Parties included in Annex I may use the certified emission reductions accruing from such project activities to contribute to compliance with part of their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments under Article 3, as determined by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol. 

4. The clean development mechanism shall be subject to the authority and guidance of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol and be supervised by an executive board of the clean development mechanism. 

5. Emission reductions resulting from each project activity shall be certified by operational entities to be designated by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol, on the basis of: 

Clear, measurable and consistent.

(a) Voluntary participation approved by each Party involved;

While all international agreements are voluntary, even when ratifying an agreement; the new agreement have all but three or four countries signing on to it. The new agreement isn't really voluntary with so many countries participating. It has to go forward, without exception.

(b) Real, measurable, and long-term benefits related to the mitigation of climate change; and 

(c) Reductions in emissions that are additional to any that would occur in the absence of the certified project activity.

I have a little problem with (c). It seems to me if a country reduced it's emissions over what was certified and stated in the beginning of it's commitment; it could have occurred because there was rapid response by the climate environment with a country's borders. Any exceptional outcomes should be recognized and rewarded. The UN must develop a reward of it's own to mark the accomplishment as extraordinary. 

One thing to realize, climate can react favorably when such shifts in emissions takes place. If that is the case then that country may have meet it's goal while others won't achieve such remarkable strides for five years or more. The achievement of 'zero greenhouse gas emissions' would then require maintenance of it.

Another aspect to this that the UN has to develop is a policy about migrating pollution/emissions. The Clean Air model of the USA recognizes when wind sends pollution across state borders. The source then has to be identified and it becomes the emitting state to deal with such DRIFT. 

Point Source is very important. Funding is realized through the need to control the source.

6. The clean development mechanism shall assist in arranging funding of certified project activities as necessary. 

7. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall, at its first session, elaborate modalities and procedures with the objective of ensuring transparency, efficiency and accountability through independent auditing and verification of project activities. 

8. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall ensure that a share of the proceeds from certified project activities is used to cover administrative expenses as well as to assist developing country Parties that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change to meet the costs of adaptation. 

9. Participation under the clean development mechanism, including in activities mentioned in paragraph 3 

(a) above and in the acquisition of certified emission reductions, may involve private and/or public entities, and is to be subject to whatever guidance may be provided by the executive board of the clean development mechanism. 

10. Certified emission reductions obtained during the period from the year 2000 up to the beginning of the first commitment period can be used to assist in achieving compliance in the first commitment period.

This article is mostly housekeeping. It supplies practical information as to how the protocol will roll out.

The United Nations should entertain a fine for big polluters that do not commit and achieve reductions. Those fines can be applied to funding for other countries as well.

When global leaders visit Washington, DC they need to encourage the US Congress to maintain and grow this funding when results of the investment are provided.

Members of four different ethnic groups receive training in fighting forest fires in Brazil's Capota-Jarina Kayapo Indigenous Reserve

...We help communities (click here) better manage and benefit from their natural resources by:
  • Supporting land tenure policies and resource rights, giving people the right to own and manage natural resources responsibly;
  • Fighting deforestation and planting trees, so that forests continue to provide clean water and air, improve agricultural productivity, slow the rate of climate change, counter desertification, and support economic growth;
  • Protecting biodiversity, so that people don’t lose essential goods and services generated by intact and functional ecosystems, and species aren’t lost to extinction; and
  • Mitigating and adapting to the effects of climate change, so countries can grow without harming the environment while strengthening their resilience to warmer temperatures and weather shocks.

For three decades, we have helped deliver ecological, economic, and environmental results:

  • In 2010, we helped at least 930,000 people worldwide improve their incomes through sustainable natural resource management and conservation activities.
  • In 2011 and 2012, we worked with governments in Kenya, Liberia, South Sudan, Tanzania, Kosovo, Ethiopia and Timor-Leste to evaluate and recommend policy reforms in support of stronger land rights and management to give people more secure access to land.
  • By 2016, we will help 20 partner countries develop and implement strategies for increasing their economic growth with lower emissions.

Article 11 of Kyoto Protocol.

1. In the implementation of Article 10, Parties shall take into account the provisions of Article 4, paragraphs 4, 5, 7, 8 and 9, of the Convention. 

2. In the context of the implementation of Article 4, paragraph 1, of the Convention, in accordance with the provisions of Article 4, paragraph 3, and Article 11 of the Convention, and through the entity or entities entrusted with the operation of the financial mechanism of the Convention, the developed country Parties and other developed Parties included in Annex II to the Convention shall:

The discussion of the climate crisis in the USA Republican legislature begins and then immediately ends when US dollars are on the time. USAID is a valid source of funding, plus whatever the USA is assessed for their United Nations' dues is usually within a budget. 

(a) Provide new and additional financial resources to meet the agreed full costs incurred by developing country Parties in advancing the implementation of existing commitments under Article 4, paragraph 1 (a), of the Convention that are covered in Article 10, subparagraph (a); and

I would encourage global leaders to understand where they may have influence with the American people and appeal to that with a reminder to contract their Congress person. Just as an example, I would think India would have a large contingency of Americans to appeal to when visiting the USA. There are cable companies that would love to carry the words of foreign leaders to people of same culture and values. 

Global leaders should not ignore the clout they have with Americans and Congress. Pope Francis never under estimated his importance. They need to advocate for the change their country needs, especially a country of 1 billion people. The leadership should make rounds on Congress either in person or send their aids. There can be pressure brought to Congress. It is worth the try.

(b) Also provide such financial resources, including for the transfer of technology, needed by the developing country Parties to meet the agreed full incremental costs of advancing the implementation of existing commitments under Article 4, paragraph 1, of the Convention that are covered by Article 10 and that are agreed between a developing country Party and the international entity or entities referred to in Article 11 of the Convention, in accordance with that Article. 

Promises don't mean anything unless they are followed up with commitment. Promises make good political ads, but, that won't solve the problem.

The implementation of these existing commitments shall take into account the need for adequacy and predictability in the flow of funds and the importance of appropriate burden sharing among developed country Parties. The guidance to the entity or entities entrusted with the operation of the financial mechanism of the Convention in relevant decisions of the Conference of the Parties, including those agreed before the adoption of this Protocol, shall apply mutatis mutandis to the provisions of this paragraph. 

Develop relationships with countries sponsoring projects that combat the climate crisis. Don't simply pay a visit and return home. Continue relationships that prove to be willing, interested and helpful.

3. The developed country Parties and other developed Parties in Annex II to the Convention may also provide, and developing country Parties avail themselves of, financial resources for the implementation of Article 10, through bilateral, regional and other multilateral channels. 

The terror camps and their exploitation of natural resources has to end.

A Nigerian soldier pull down a Boko Haram flag as a mark of victory

February 14, 2016


The Nigerian military (click here) says it is winning the war against terrorism in spite of some challenges.
Victor Ezugwu, the GOC, 7 Division of Nigerian Army, Maiduguri, stated this while speaking with journalists in Maiduguri.
“We are winning the war. We are bringing the war to conclusion, very soon,” Mr. Ezugwu, a Brigadier General, said.
He, however, said that Nigerians must support the military to sustain the successes so far recorded.
“We want everybody to help us to support the peace that is emerging.
“The peace is more enduring and more gratifying for us in Borno and other parts of the North-East of Nigeria,” Mr. Ezugwu said.
He commended civic groups that had been partnering with the military toward the success of the counter-insurgency operation....

Continue Article 10

That statement has to be emphatic. When effective modalities work, they work. There is no question, no asking pretty please. When something works to eliminate CO2 emissions then it needs to be incorporated into countries to bring about a larger 'reduction footprint.' We are too far along the timeline to negotiate with Wall Street. Either Wall Street is a partner to what is effective or they are not; but, there is no pretty please anymore.

(c) Cooperate in the promotion of effective modalities for the development, application and diffusion of, and take all practicable steps to promote, facilitate and finance, as appropriate, the transfer of, or access to, environmentally sound technologies, know-how, practices and processes pertinent to climate change, in particular to developing countries, including the formulation of policies and programmes for the effective transfer of environmentally sound technologies that are publicly owned or in the public domain and the creation of an enabling environment for the private sector, to promote and enhance the transfer of, and access to, environmentally sound technologies; 


As a global community we know how developing countries are stretched to do much of anything except feed it's people. However, where there is war, how can any climate programmes be implemented. Rebel groups use natural resources to raise money to support themselves and fund their war. In particular, Boko Haram settled into northeast because of discovered veins of precious metals.

These rebel groups have to be brought down to end the threat to the people. If Boko Haram needs timber they'll cut down forests without a second thought.  

 (d) Cooperate in scientific and technical research and promote the maintenance and the development of systematic observation systems and development of data archives to reduce uncertainties related to the climate system, the adverse impacts of climate change and the economic and social consequences of various response strategies, and promote the development and strengthening of endogenous capacities and capabilities to participate in international and intergovernmental efforts, programmes and networks on research and systematic observation, taking into account Article 5 of the Convention; 

Economic and social impacts of the climate crisis has to be included as part of the record to this effort. Deaths of extreme storms, droughts, failed crops and dying livestock. Also realize the number of opportunistic viruses the global community has seen with a warming Earth. That accounting of disease needs to start no later than SARS. 

The dynamics of Earth's stressed climate has many symptoms and not just temperature and gases. This hot climate has profound impacts on governments and people. 

It was Thomas Friedman from the New York Times that traced the implosion of Syria directly to the drought and the need of water by Syrians.

All that counts and should be a part of the climate record and regular meetings.

(e) Cooperate in and promote at the international level, and, where appropriate, using existing bodies, the development and implementation of education and training programmes, including the strengthening of national capacity building, in particular human and institutional capacities and the exchange or secondment of personnel to train experts in this field, in particular for developing countries, and facilitate at the national level public awareness of, and public access to information on, climate change. Suitable modalities should be developed to implement these activities through the relevant bodies of the Convention, taking into account Article 6 of the Convention; 

There is so much opportunity for investment and return on investment in paragraph (e) it should be ignored. These are generational changes for Earth's people. This is not temporary. This is the future and will be enforced by societies alone. Wall Street, if it is to survive, needs to take heed of what is becoming the 'static Earth' capable of supporting life. Wall Street needs to get over itself and it's clenched fist on it's wealth. It is not productive and requires regulation if it continues.

 (f) Include in their national communications information on programmes and activities undertaken pursuant to this Article in accordance with relevant decisions of the Conference of the Parties; and 

 (g) Give full consideration, in implementing the commitments under this Article, to Article 4, paragraph 8, of the Convention.

I'll put it this way. The sooner Russia and Saudi Arabia create a different economic infrastructure with better energy and transportation, the sooner oil will end it's oppressive enforcement of hardship. 

Saudi Arabia has the perfect country for changing it's energy sources. Solar mirrors that heat tubes of oil to 800 F to then heat steam to power electricity. It will be so modern it will make Dubai jealous. 

Russia needs some good wind maps. 

Government programs that work. It is important. Fact to reality, not abstract conversation that accomplish nothing but politics.

...The 2009 report, (click here) Opportunities to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions through Materials and Land Management Practices (PDF) (98pp, 1.5MB About PDF), shows that approximately 42 percent of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions are associated with the energy used to produce, process, transport, and dispose of the food we eat and the goods we use. This includes the extraction or harvest of materials and food, production and transport of goods, provision of services, reuse of materials, recycling, composting, and disposal. The report also indicates the following:
  • 29 percent of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions result from the provision ofgoods produced within the United States.
  • The provision of food contributes another 13 percent of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions.
  • Traditional “waste” management represents 1 to 5 percent of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions....

Article 10 of Kyoto Protocol

All Parties, (click here) taking into account their common but differentiated responsibilities and their specific national and regional development priorities, objectives and circumstances, without introducing any new commitments for Parties not included in Annex I, but reaffirming existing commitments under Article 4, paragraph 1, of the Convention, and continuing to advance the implementation of these commitments in order to achieve sustainable development, taking into account Article 4, paragraphs 3, 5 and 7, of the Convention, shall: 

The paragraph below is asking pretty please. There is no solid language of which can't be circumvented. Kyoto Protocol was so vital, recognized only cooperation to the fullest extent. That didn't happen. Where Kyoto asked please do your best, it was replied by the petroleum industry as a myth. Instead of countries taking the climate seriously as did their scientists, they laughed at  the idea of substituting one wealth venture for one yet untried. Kyoto was abandoned rather than embraced.

(a) Formulate, where relevant and to the extent possible, cost-effective national and, where appropriate, regional programmes to improve the quality of local emission factors, activity data and/or models which reflect the socio-economic conditions of each Party for the preparation and periodic updating of national inventories of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of all greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol,  using comparable methodologies to be agreed upon by the Conference of the Parties, and consistent with the guidelines for the preparation of national communications adopted by the Conference of the Parties;

There is no agreement. There is just doing. There is finding what works, what is 
completely benign and what makes things worse. There is no agreement that has to be reached. It is all black and white. Either it works and emissions of greenhouse gases come down or it is making the emissions worse. What is benign is recorded. But, there is no agreement anymore. There are no negotiations. There is setting it right and maintaining it.

(b) Formulate, implement, publish and regularly update national and, where appropriate, regional programmes containing measures to mitigate climate change and measures to facilitate adequate adaptation to climate change: 

Get rid of "where appropriate." There are only measures that are appropriate.

(i) Such programmes would, inter alia (among other things), concern the energy, transport and industry sectors as well as agriculture, forestry and waste management. Furthermore, adaptation technologies and methods for improving spatial planning would improve adaptation to climate change; and 

Waste management is vital to containing reentry of greenhouse gases to the environment. I have noted in other places on this blog that waste management of CO2 by Wall Street has been to condense it to a liquid or solid for recycle. Recycling CO2 is not containing it. It simply redistributes it for re-release.

That is partially why electric cars are a far better choice for the First World than cars that use ethanol. Ethanol uses vegetable based oils mixed with regular petroleum fuel to provide a lower emission of CO2. Supposedly, that is a recycling effort.

I can point to a dozen different environmental reasons as to why that is not so, but, in a country such as the USA it is considered "something" that leverages CO2 to lesser amounts. It is that very idea of 'doing something at least' that has to go. We are not saying pretty please anymore.

Ethanol cannot deliver direct CO2 reductions because we it burns and releases CO2, it is assuming the climate will be static and not devolving in order to grow crops, plants and trees. The growth of chlorophyll is not static under a climate crisis. 

I will say this. 

Duke University in North Carolina, USA, did a study about 2004 which stated trees will absorb more CO2 when the CO2 is dense TO A CERTAIN AMOUNT, then no matter the level of CO2 trees will not absorb anymore. In other words, this is abrupt climate change which has brought on the Sixth Extinction. Realizing this is abrupt climate change, trees have not evolved or mutated to change their chlorophyll into better factories of plant energy. 

But, ethanol of any kind is better than pure petroleum oil. There should be a mandate in the USA for every internal combustion engine be fueled with at least 10% ethanol. It is also known as E10. 

The real change is accepting electric cars as the standard for status in the USA. It simply is. The other necessity in the USA is to value public transportation and use it. Europe already has an appreciation for public transportation, including, water ferries that are an attraction to tourists. The scenic views along Europe's waterways makes a simple ferry boat into something splendid. 

If we are to value public transportation it has to be safe and safe guarded against violence of any kind. 

(ii) Parties included in Annex I shall submit information on action under this Protocol, including national programmes, in accordance with Article 7; and other Parties shall seek to include in their national communications, as appropriate, information on programmes which contain measures that the Party believes contribute to addressing climate change and its adverse impacts, including the abatement of increases in greenhouse gas emissions, and enhancement of and removals by sinks, capacity building and adaptation measures;...

National communications with the citizens/public should be mandatory. The people have to know what they are doing and what they are up against. Ultimately, it is up to the end users of products to decide. There have been consumer conscientiousness about this in the USA for decades. For decades people have tried to make that change. But, when your electric car is powered by a coal burning power plant, the reasons to have an electric car dulls it's morality and begs to ask how much of a change it that making?

The best ideas will survive and thrive.

If the USDA did not participate and attend, it needs to get a copy of the proceedings. I would expect the USDA to take a global leadership role. The USA has fed the world for a long time. Now, it is up to First World countries to be sure all countries are capable of farming and where modifications need to be made to insure that capacity.
The United Nations is not just about war and peace. It also has a broader scope to insure people are surviving and preferably thriving. I would think the USDA would have at least addressed the UN once to contribute the views of American Agriculture.
This isn't just about temperature and the Sixth Extinction. It is about sustainability and life.
February 14, 2016
Global market integration (click here) is key to buffering future commodity prices and food security from the negative effects of climate change on agriculture, says a Purdue University agricultural economist.
Rising temperatures and an increase in extreme weather events will likely have adverse impacts on global crop production, leading to higher  and food scarcity. But global markets that have the ability to deliver food where it is needed most could help offset these consequences, said Thomas Hertel, distinguished professor of agricultural economics.
"If the pessimists are right, if we see the worst-case climate impacts in agriculture, what could we do in terms of economic adaptation?" he said. "Trade agreements could significantly moderate some of the worst effects on ."
Hertel will present his research at the American Association for the Advancement of Science's Annual Meeting in Washington, D.C., Sunday (Feb. 14) at the Washington Marriott Wardman Park.
His talk, "The Underlying Climate Mechanisms of International Food Trade," is part of the symposium "Climate Change and Agriculture: Revisiting the Evidence and Potential Solutions."
Global agriculture stands to suffer under future . A predicted increase in the frequency of  such as droughts and floods could buffet crop yields over the next few decades. But short-term climate impacts will vary by crop and region, Hertel said, with some areas benefiting as crop production shifts geographically....

Article Nine of Kyoto Protocol

1. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall periodically review this Protocol in the light of the best available scientific information and assessments on climate change and its impacts, as well as relevant technical, social and economic information. Such reviews shall be coordinated with pertinent reviews under the Convention, in particular those required by Article 4, paragraph 2 (d), and Article 7, paragraph 2 (a), of the Convention. Based on these reviews, the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall take appropriate action. 

I could never understand why a Republican Party could simply look the other way when there was strong scientific EVIDENCE regarding a deadly trend for Earth. But, especially because there are impacts. Climate Change as documented by Kyoto stated where were and would be impacts on Earth that would alter the environmental safety of people. Besides the impact on nature alone, it would impact people in their water supply, food and their homes with safety and place threatened.

In case this isn't common knowledge, this is the Preamble to the USA Constitution. Not the Declaration of Independence or the Bill of Rights. This is the first paragraph to the USA Constitution.

We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

Posterity is the future generations or the USA and/or the descendants of current citizens. There is a clear understanding Americans were coming together to protect themselves as a country and the future of their children. There is no ambiguity. 

2. The first review shall take place at the second session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol. Further reviews shall take place at regular intervals and in a timely manner. 

I would like to remind all participants there is a structure in place, as I understand it, to meet regularly. At those regular meetings a comprehensive review is to take place to report the FACTS of the previous year(s). Those facts have to be whether or not there was progress, benign outcomes or data indicating there was a failure to achieve goals.

That is very important. The current climate agreement is to solve problems and not increase them. So, while scientific evidence is clear regarding a warming planet, we have to move past diagnosing the problem and into measuring it. To that end, there is still information needed that proves the best methods going forward. There are micro-environments on Earth to understand that can provide greater insight to progress in ending and reversing this deadly trend. 

The scientific facts of what has occurred are vital to finding an end to this warming process. Clear scientific facts. There is no failure in any attempt. The facts will validate attempts that work and those that do not. Those that do not and contribute to the warming are to be scrutinized for ways to change adverse outcomes. There is no failure as if shamed by it. There is only failure that can be noted with a course correction.

All efforts have to be sincere and based in scientific law and theory. It will be incredibly insightful to have nearly every country, with different biotic content report on the efforts and progress. 

We aren't playing let's pretend. This is it. This is the agreement that will end the climate crisis. It has to be. Nothing is more moral than getting this right.