The microbiotic content of the beach is disturbed.
I am sure everyone has dug for shorecrab when the water washes up on the beach.
There is a micorbiotic layer in the sand called "The RPD Layer." It's important. I am sure people have noted the black sand when the water/tide goes out. That black sand is what is known as RPD.
Anytime there is a oil spill that washes up on any beach anywhere it is disturbing the microbiotic layer called RPD. So. While conservationist look for MACROBIOTIC effects such as birds and marine life, there is already known damage.
The professional article noted below is about the Northern Adriatic Sea. It is a handy example of the species that occupy on a beach without being noticed by any sunbather. The microbiotic animals and plants don't cause problems, but, they are the victims of problems. There is a lot of damage done when oil spills find their way to the beach areas of the world.
Prince William Sound probably needs some dedicated scientists to investigate the entire food chain including microbiotic content.
Supposedly the spill is 21,000 gallons. It's always more. I've never seen an accurate amount of spilled oil as reported by an oil company.
42 gallons = 1 barrel of oil.
Burrowing Behavior, (click here) Substratum Preference, and Distribution of Schizaster canaliferus (Echinoidea: Spatangoida) in the Northern Adriatic Sea
Schizaster canaliferus, an endemic Mediterranean spatangoid, is common in the Bay of Piran (Northern Adriatic Sea). The abundance and distribution of this burrowing species is related to sea water depth and particle size distribution of the substrata. Populations are limited to silt/clay sediments in protected sublittoral areas of the Bay, where densities range from 1.9–2.6 individuals · m-2. Preferred sediments range from medium to fine silt (2–20 μm). Burrowing activity was found to be functional only in fine sediments similar to those naturally inhabited; it did not occur in sandy sediments (>63μm). Burrowing rates were positively correlated with temperature, suggesting that burrowing speeds are greater in summer than winter....
Officials say the pipeline, that caused oil to spread some four miles
along Refugio State Beach, is now secure. But the extent of the damage
done is still to be determined.
May 20, 2015
By Javier Panzar, Joseph Serna and Tony Barboza
An oil spill that poured (click here) thousands of gallons of crude into the waters off Santa Barbara County has divided into two slicks covering about nine miles of coastline, officials said Wednesday.
Some wildlife will “likely” be affected in the coming days, although there were no confirmed reports as of Wednesday morning, Mark Crossland, a captain with the state Department of Fish and Wildlife, said at a news conference.
An underground pipeline below Highway 1 near Refugio State Beach in Goleta ruptured Tuesday afternoon, spilling oil down a culvert and into the ocean.
The rupture occurred on an 11-mile-long pipeline owned by Houston-based Plains All American Pipeline and is part of a larger oil transport network centered in Kern County....
I am sure everyone has dug for shorecrab when the water washes up on the beach.
There is a micorbiotic layer in the sand called "The RPD Layer." It's important. I am sure people have noted the black sand when the water/tide goes out. That black sand is what is known as RPD.
Anytime there is a oil spill that washes up on any beach anywhere it is disturbing the microbiotic layer called RPD. So. While conservationist look for MACROBIOTIC effects such as birds and marine life, there is already known damage.
The professional article noted below is about the Northern Adriatic Sea. It is a handy example of the species that occupy on a beach without being noticed by any sunbather. The microbiotic animals and plants don't cause problems, but, they are the victims of problems. There is a lot of damage done when oil spills find their way to the beach areas of the world.
Prince William Sound probably needs some dedicated scientists to investigate the entire food chain including microbiotic content.
Supposedly the spill is 21,000 gallons. It's always more. I've never seen an accurate amount of spilled oil as reported by an oil company.
42 gallons = 1 barrel of oil.
Burrowing Behavior, (click here) Substratum Preference, and Distribution of Schizaster canaliferus (Echinoidea: Spatangoida) in the Northern Adriatic Sea
Schizaster canaliferus, an endemic Mediterranean spatangoid, is common in the Bay of Piran (Northern Adriatic Sea). The abundance and distribution of this burrowing species is related to sea water depth and particle size distribution of the substrata. Populations are limited to silt/clay sediments in protected sublittoral areas of the Bay, where densities range from 1.9–2.6 individuals · m-2. Preferred sediments range from medium to fine silt (2–20 μm). Burrowing activity was found to be functional only in fine sediments similar to those naturally inhabited; it did not occur in sandy sediments (>63μm). Burrowing rates were positively correlated with temperature, suggesting that burrowing speeds are greater in summer than winter....
Officials say the pipeline, that caused oil to spread some four miles
along Refugio State Beach, is now secure. But the extent of the damage
done is still to be determined.May 20, 2015
By Javier Panzar, Joseph Serna and Tony Barboza
An oil spill that poured (click here) thousands of gallons of crude into the waters off Santa Barbara County has divided into two slicks covering about nine miles of coastline, officials said Wednesday.
Some wildlife will “likely” be affected in the coming days, although there were no confirmed reports as of Wednesday morning, Mark Crossland, a captain with the state Department of Fish and Wildlife, said at a news conference.
An underground pipeline below Highway 1 near Refugio State Beach in Goleta ruptured Tuesday afternoon, spilling oil down a culvert and into the ocean.
The rupture occurred on an 11-mile-long pipeline owned by Houston-based Plains All American Pipeline and is part of a larger oil transport network centered in Kern County....
