By the USA contributing to the problem doesn't make it go away.

FACT #4: The Alberta tar sands (click here) are holding Canada back on climate change action. Canada would be on track to reduce climate pollution over the next decade if not for the planned expansion of the tar sands industry. Instead Canadian emissions are predicted to increase.⁴

FACT #5: The toxic tailing lakes are considered one of the largest human-made structures in the world. The toxic lakes in Northern Alberta span 176 square kilometers and can be seen from space.

FACT #6: Producing a barrel of oil from the oil sands produces three times more greenhouse gas emissions than a barrel of conventional oil. In 2004, oil sands production surpassed 160 000 cubic metres (one million barrels) per day; by 2015, oil sands production is expected to more than double to about 340 000 cubic metres (2.2 million barrels) per day.

Fuel sources are currently evaluated by most environmental organizations, including the EPA, within a lifetime process. Oil Sands from harvest to burning far exceeds that of other forms of energy.

What are corrosion pits?
Corrosion pits are very localized corrosion defects, or small ‘pits’ in the metal of the pipe. Pitting corrosion, unchecked, can result in a pipeline leaking. Operators have criteria to assess pits. Canadian codes require pits to be repaired when they reach 80% of the wall thickness. European codes allow up to 85%. In-lineinspection tools (known as intelligent pigs - see below) are used to detect pits and/or cracks.

What causes leaks and ruptures?
Internal corrosion, external corrosion, external intervention (for example: hit by a truck or back-hoe), soil displacement such as landslides, material defects, and system malfunctions (for example: operating over design pressure) can cause leaks and ruptures.
Based on incidents reported to the National Energy Board, the majority of leaks are related to pump stations and valves, rather than the body of the pipeline. In general, corrosion accounts for about 20% to 30% of pipeline leaks.

The United States of America have standards regarding carbon emissions. The Canadian Tar Sands vastly fails those standards regardless of how it is transported. The reason the USA will never use any of the Canadian Tar Sands is because of the high carbon ratio to the that of other fuels. That is why our land is being used a gateway to Texas refineries and exportation to the rest of the world.

The answer is, No. We don't pander to greed while allowing the climate consequences of dirty oil, including the inevitable oil spill of our farmland, prairie lands and water sources. Cherry picking particular areas of the Canadian Tar Sands oil is corruption. There is a process every drop of Canadian Tar Sands goes through and it far exceeds any CO2 allowed from CAFE standards of the USA. So, if tar sands oil were coming out of the tailpipe of American cars the outcome for the climate would be far more dangerous in accelerating degradation of the troposphere.

August 10, 2014
By Bobby McGill
...A new study (click here) published Sunday in the journal Nature Climate Change says the State Department may have underestimated the pipeline’s CO2 emissions by as much as four times. That’s because the consumer demand for oil will rise as new crude oil coming on the market from of Keystone XL will drive global prices down, the study says.

In other words, the more oil Keystone XL pumps, the more oil people will want to burn.

Peter Erickson and Michael Lazarus, both researchers at the Stockholm Environmental Institute, a research affiliate of Tufts University, said in their study that the State Department did not account for an increase in crude oil demand sparked by Keystone XL.

“The most important difference between our analysis and the State Department’s is that we consider the price effects of adding oil supply (in this case, Canadian oil sands) to global markets,” Erickson said via email....

Estimating jobs and emissions is not the same thing, although the Republicans would like it to be. Again, corruption for wealth.

This study validates AGAIN 'the lifetime carbon emission' of Canadian Tar Sands. The RESPONSIBILITY of the USA lies in acting morally to protect the lives of Americans in reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

It is completely irresponsible to say, the USA isn't contributing to the climate crisis because Americans don't pump this processed oil into their cars. The oil is transported across the USA FACILITATING it's use.

The USA doesn't exist in isolation. This climate crisis is a global issue. The problem with any climate strategy so far in the USA has been to isolate itself from the reality and expecting the rest of the global community to compensate for Americans' abuses.

It is like having the largest and most deadly military in the world. You don't simply use it because there is a grudge against a dictator.

This article is from 2014.

...The Koch projects (click here) will extract bitumen using a non-mining technique called steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD), and are in various stages of development. The projects could ultimately yield an estimated 2.9 billion barrels of “recoverable” resources and could position the buyer “to be a top tier Canadian bitumen producer,” according to an online description of the offering.

The move by Koch to sell off one of its partnerships pulls the curtain back further on the Koch family’s deep but quiet involvement in Canada’s tar sands industry. Koch Industries has had a stake going back 50 years in Canadian heavy oil through mining, pipeline development and refining. Its Pine Bend Refinery in Minnesota is now responsible for about 20 percent of the oil sands crude being piped into the United States and has played a key role in the growth of the family’s fortune. The family stands to profit further from growing U.S. reliance on tar sands imports.

The potential sale of Koch Exploration Canada comes amid a wave of deals involving oil properties and projects in Western Canada, home to the world’s third-largest proven reserves of crude oil.  The investment surge has sent billions of dollars to Alberta’s oil patch and is expected to fuel a doubling of oil production by 2020. It is being led by companies from China—though last month Kuwait’s state-owned petroleum company announced a $4 billion joint venture it hopes to close in October....

This directly links the Koch Brothers to the Canadian Tar Sands as the third largest holder of those lands to exploit them for oil. In realizing that, this also links every Republican for federal office or otherwise directly to the Canadian Tar Sands. That is called conflict of interest. I didn't notice anyone in the US House or Senate sitting out of the vote because the vote conflicts with their campaign contributions.

March 20, 2014
By Steve Mufson and Juliet Eilperin
CORRECTION: An earlier version (click here) of this piece said Koch Industries was the largest lease holder in Canada’s oil sands. On a net acreage basis the company is the largest American and foreign holder of leases in the region, but it might narrowly trail two Canadian companies overall. For more details on the top holders of oil sands leases, go here.
You might expect the biggest foreign lease owner in Canada's oil sands, or tar sands, to be one of the international oil giants, like Exxon Mobil or Royal Dutch Shell. But that isn't the case. The biggest non-Canadian lease holder in the northern Alberta oil sands is a subsidiary of Koch Industries, the privately-owned cornerstone of the fortune of conservative Koch brothers Charles and David....

This dirty oil is dirty in every sense of the word.

Why won't major oil companies purchase tar sands?

It is too expensive to process, the profit margin including capital improvements doesn't justify itself, it would reduce the price per barrel of oil, THUS, causing losses to their stockholders and possibly facing bankruptcy if the return on investment falls as expected with this processed oil. The Kochs had to go all the way to Kuwait to find investors to exploit the Canadian lands faster. That makes one third of the Koch's tar sands oil owned by Kuwait. We are back to realizing the Middle East owns most of the oil in the world following the USA.

If I were a Koch and wanted to control the world for the sake of "God's chosen people," I would seek to bankrupt all of Wall Streets competitors. If I recall, the oil barons of Texas have already complained publicly to the monopoly Koch is achieving and how it is effecting their ability to conduct business profitably. I would think the Democrats would at least be attractive enough for the major oil companies to donate to.  Oh, wait, ExxonMobile did donate to US Senator Landrieu. Lawyers far exceeded any other of the campaign donors, though.

Four dead in NY State snow storm.

November 19, 2014
By Laila Kearney

Temperatures (click here) in all 50 US states dipped to freezing or below as an unseasonably cold blast of weather moved across the country while heavy snow prompted a state of emergency in western New York and contributed to the deaths of four people.

Every US state, including Hawaii, was bitten by temperatures at freezing point or below, the National Weather Service said.

It was the coldest November morning across the country since 1976, according to Weather Bell Analytics, a meteorologist consulting firm. Typically, such cold is not seen until late December through February, the NWS said....

This is a webpage from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute:

Link: http://www.divediscover.whoi.edu/arctic/location.html

The Arctic is named for the north polar constellation “Arktos”—Greek for “bear.” It is 14.5 million square km (5.5 million square miles)—almost exactly the same size as Antarctica—and has been inhabited by humans for close to 20,000 years. It consists of the Arctic Ocean and surrounding land, including all of Greenland and Spitsbergen, and the northern parts of Alaska, Canada, Norway, and Russia. Its boundary is irregular and is often defined by either the northern limit of stands of trees on land, or by a mean July temperature of ~10°C (50°F). 

The land area of the contiguous United States is 2,959,064 square miles (2.9 million square miles).

November 19, 2014
1130.18z
UNISYS North and West Hemisphere Water Vapor Satellite (click here for 12 hour loop)

That is not a great big smiley face put into an Earth air mass for your enjoyment, it is the air mass displaced by a warm Arctic Ocean.

Why is it displaced? On the 12 hour loop a warm air mass coming from the equator is traveling north to the Arctic Circle and displacing the heavier and colder air mass to lower latitudes.

This is a segment of the satellite image above. This is where strong upper tropospheric winds are literally pulling warm, wet air from the equator.

That warm, wet air will travel to the Arctic Circle and cool down. Initially, the warm air mass will settle over top of the colder, denser air mass over the Arctic Circle. As it cools, it will start to descend to Earth's surface. I stated air has mass. It is a proven fact. Can all the air from Earth simply pile up over the Arctic Ocean or Arctic Circle? Of course not. So as the air mass over the Arctic Circle ACCUMULATES with more and more air molecules the physics becomes turbulent and pushes the frigid air mass, which is the densest and heaviest, to lower latitudes. Is this suppose to happen normally?

No. This is an episode of a global event under the heavy blanket of CO2. 

November 19, 2014
1145 gmt
Current Temperature map of USA by The Weather Channel

This is a map of the current temperatures across the USA. It is somewhat tempered because the sun is up even though there are clouds in the way of seeing the sun. The troposphere over the USA is getting warmer with sun rise.

Snow fell at a rate of up to five inches (13 cm) an hour and some areas approached the U.S. record for 24-hour snowfall totals of 76 inches (193 cm), the NWS said.

Republicans are absolutely stupid when 'the greed' feels a need.

The Canadian Tar Sands is not about damn caribou. 

Canadian Tar Sands IS A WETLAND!

Canadian Tar Sands Reclamation

Only 0.15% (click here) of the area disturbed by oilsands mining is certified as reclaimed by the provincial government.

Oilsands reclamation will not return the boreal forest to its natural state.

Water capping of tailings waste through the creation of end pit lakes is an unproven method for reclaiming tailings waste.

Collection of financial security for oilsands mining reclamation, mandated under Alberta's Environmental Protection and Enhancement Act, is intended to safeguard against Albertans paying for reclamation of oilsands mine but is inadequate and puts Albertans and Canadians at financial risk.

0.15% is as good as ZERO.

Republicans don't BELIEVE in science. Science is not about believing, it is however about KNOWING. The reason Republicans don't believe in science is because there should always be a NEGOTIABLE way to achieve their goal of taking money out of natural resources. Well, in the year 2014 and the CO2 content of the USA is 400 ppm, there is no more negotiations about the climate and developing more carbon fuels. 

Earth doesn't negotiate. 

Get used to that FACT!

I've had this on my computer a few days, so I may as well put it out here.

Oh, FIRST, there are stranded motorists long the New York Thruway, some are high school girls on their way home from a ball game. They are in a bus. The bus can't get through the snow and it is expected to run out of fuel and then the girls will have no heat.

THINK SNOW CATS. As many as New York State can get their hands on. Snow mobiles are a very poor choice DURING the storm.

Kindly think of purchasing a few of these for the State Police. HOWEVER, with the strongest parts of the storm, even these are too light to be useful.

The one below is very fancy with curtains, but, this ultimately is the ALL PURPOSE snow cat. It is necessary in this type of weather in order to guarantee safety.

Now, the reason I decided to write at all is because some of the agencies at the federal and state level were hesitant to tell everyone the Polar Vortex is a permanent fixture to the northern hemisphere of Earth.


The Polar Vortex is not going to end until a couple of things happen. Either the Arctic Ocean becomes cold enough to restock it's multi-year layer of ice or the entire ice content to the Arctic Ocean is gone and now it is the troposphere that will carry the burden of heat.

Earth, by nature, is an ice planet. That is why there are more ice ages and only one extinction caused by a hot planet. When human beings started to add greenhouse gases to the troposphere it TAMED the ice planet and for the most part there have been moderate CHARACTERISTIC planet behavior.

See, Earth likes being ice and the icefields, glaciers and ice caps have provided a THERMOSTAT to any heat from human activity. The oceans, seas, lakes and rivers all serve as a method to cool the planet. So when global warming became very apparent in that CO2 was the main culprit in warming, scientists knew the greenhouse gas content of Earth became the overriding factor to Earth's natural state as a planet.

Rather than going through all the painful details, let me just start with today and try to provide the path forward for Earth's troposphere.

Until the vortexes of 2003 showed up most scientists figured the icefields, glaciers and ice caps would be around for some time before profound degradation occurred. When the vortexes showed up it changed everything. There was now an Earth physics (geophysics) actively moving heat around the planet. it was no longer a passive process whereby the oceans (primarily the Pacific because of it's size - it is where the largest hurricanes occur/cyclones) were warming. The degradation of the Arctic Ocean began to define it's final outcome with the lowest ice extent in the past decade.

With Earth losing it's ice STRUCTURES at an accelerated rate human beings and all other living creatures and plants no longer have a CUSHION to temper the heat of Earth. When all the ice structures fail, life will be reliant completely upon the INNATE nature of the planet. I remind Earth is an ice planet by nature. However, with a dense layer of greenhouse gases eventually that INNATE nature of Earth will be overridden by the greenhouse gases. 

Now, Earth will eventually return to being an ice planet when the greenhouse gas content comes down.  The only way the greenhouse gases come down in percentage of the troposphere is for them to be used in plant respiration. If there are no plants, it will be far longer before Earth is an ice planet again. Along with plant respiration the emissions of greenhouse gases has to end. Earth cannot retain it's inherent nature without an end to greenhouse gas emissions.

So, there ya go. The Wall Street barrons that took Earth for granted never bothered to realize it is a planet with CHARACTERISTICS based in the laws of physics. 

What if Earth was uninhabited, but, all the other characteristics were the same as before the industrial revolution. 

THAT is the planet we are supposed to live on. It has characteristics inherent to it's presence in the Milky Way with Sol as the sun. It's place in the orbit around the sun and it's water content is what allows Earth to sponsor life. 

The gaseous balance of Earth in it's inherent natural state is vital to living on the outer sphere of this rock. Human beings DO DEFINITELY have the ability to destroy Earth. Paradise. The garden. The real question is can they respect the planet they were given as a gift for life? Some scientists are of the opinion human beings are a 'fire' species and are unable to stop the 'fire habit.' I think it is called being civilized and knowing society's limits.

November 13, 2014
By Mark Torregrossa

I've seen how the weather pattern (click here) has been evolving in the last two weeks, and I'm ready to stick my neck out and give a winter forecast for Michigan. I'll give you the reasons why I think we will have a certain type of winter here in Michigan.

First off, I like to wait until we get into early November to see what type of upper air pattern is becoming established. The top graphic shows the upper air flow forecast for next Tuesday, November 18, 2014. It's pretty apparent that the upper air flow next week is coming right out of the arctic. The large circular area you see over Hudson Bay is the polar vortex.

So the polar vortex is already dropping farther south than normal. Unless we have a radical upper air pattern change, it looks like we are heading for a much colder than normal start to the winter....

Mark and NOAA like to say, but, but, but, Lake Superior is very near the average line. Hell no it's not. Because one small spot COMES CLOSE to the normal average doesn't mean one can ignore the ENTIRE reality of the red lines!!!!!!!!!!

For all the petroleum cronies that had their votes bought...

...they have to know the legislative vote is meaningless. I am sure there are many thanks floating around the Republicans who sold their vote, but those are just to keep the oil subsidies flowing, not the pipeline.

Why would Chris Christie be so very interested in the profile of states in 2016?

The presidency. Sure, he wants the Republican Party to win, so, why not stack the odds.

But, there is a far bigger reason.

What happen in 2020? 

Elections. Sure, but, something bigger than that. 

The 2020 Census. The governors elected in 2016 will be in office until at least January 2021.

What do we know about the balance of power in the US House? What do we know about the election of Gomert?

Power of the US House is power of the purse strings and it requires gerrymandering in order for Republicans to maintain control. Gomert, or whatever his name is in Texas 1st, is in office because of gerrymandering. 

Truth or Dare?

Does Earth have a gaseous layer called the troposphere?

This is from NOAA.

The envelope of gas surrounding the Earth (click here) changes from the ground up. Five distinct layers have been identified using...

• thermal characteristics (temperature changes),
• chemical composition,
• movement, and
• density.

Each of the layers are bounded by "pauses" where the maximum changes in thermal characteristics, chemical composition, movement, and density occur.

Troposphere

The troposphere begins at the Earth's surface and extends up to 4-12 miles (6-20 km) high. This is where we live. As the gases in this layer decrease with height (altitude), the air become thinner. Therefore, the temperature in the troposphere also decreases with height. As you climb higher, the temperature drops from about 62°F (17°C) to -60°F (-51°C). Almost all weather occurs in this region.

The height (altitude) of the troposphere varies from the equator to the poles. At the equator it is around 11-12 miles (18-20 km) high, at 50°N and 50°S, 5½ miles and at the poles just under four miles high. The transition boundary between the troposphere and the layer above is called the tropopause. Both the tropopause and the troposphere are known as the lower atmosphere....

It would seem as though Earth does have an atmosphere and a gaseous layer called the troposphere. Not does Earth have a gaseous layer called the troposphere it is well studied and understood by scientists that enter expert information into professionally reviewed journals (of knowledge obtained through the long accepted procedure called "the scientific process."), some of which is funded by government, professional and foundation grants.

That would be true.

What comprises the gaseous layer of Earth's atmosphere called the troposphere?

This is from the University of California, Santa Barbara:

Troposphere Test (click here)

1. The troposphere contains ozone. True or False
2. the troposphere can reach               .
   A.-110*C
   B.50*C
   C.-80*C
3. What percentage of the total mass of the atmosphere does the troposphere contain? 75%

Oh the speaker didn't know that the gaseous layer of Earth's troposphere has mass, huh? Yep. That mass is measured in pounds per square inch.

How much does a one inch square column of air the height of the entire troposphere weigh?

It varies throughout the air column, but, at sea level is it 14.7 pounds per square inch. 

What does it mean when something has mass?

This is according to Merriam Webster online dictionary #1c:

Mass is the property of a body that is a measure of its inertia and that is commonly taken as a measure of the amount of material it contains and causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

Amazing, isn't it speaker? Scientists since the beginning of the Revolutionary War at the very least have been practicing science. The most famous American scientists from the beginning of our country is Benjamin Franklin. Do you know what he did? He did the impossible. He was able to tell people when to expect ships from Europe. "One of by land and two if by sea." 

Benjamin Franklin made a study of the TIDES of Earth. He observed them and recorded them and he was able to tell how long it would take for a single ship to arrive in England and the return trip to the USA.

So, mass in a scientific definition matters. It is important. Without the understanding of mass very little would be MEASURABLE. Mass at rest (inertia) as opposed to mass in motion (physics) all made possible by gravity. I am sure everyone knows what gravity is and what planet possess that quality.

In case the speaker is confused about gravity, there are innumerable lessons in the world by Sid the Science Kid.



4. How high is the troposphere from the equator?

I think it was already established of the altitude/height of the troposphere of Earth.

5. What occurs in the troposphere?

The weather is the answer from this particular lesson at UCSB. But, the fact is that is where the speaker lives. Besides his physical address in Ohio, he lives in the troposphere. So, weather is part of the LIFE that occurs in Earth's troposphere. Without weather there would be no life on Earth. Weather is dictated by Earth's water content both solid, liquid and gaseous. The solid part at this point in Earth's history is the part that is under attack by the petroleum industry in the form of heating Earth's troposphere in the way of increasing amounts of greenhouse gases. But, that is putting the cart before the horse.

6. The height of the tropopause ceiling is not constant in time or space. True or False

7. The troposphere is                       miles above earth.

A.1to3

B.2to7

C.5to7

D.10 to 12

At it's greatest altitude/height.

So, with the fact that weather is a PROPERTY of the troposphere, how is weather effected by thermal characteristics (temperature changes), chemical composition, movement, and density. All of it is related. Those are all valid and well studied characteristics of Earth. Even a creationist knows there is an Earth with gaseous layers of atmospheres. A creationist knows there is oxygen and water and weather. Gifts from God.

So, what occurs when changes in the balance of the gaseous layers of Earth?

It gets more complicated from here forward. That is why there are scientists that specialize in understanding these very dynamics. Why are there scientists that study these very dynamics? Because as a sovereign country we need all this information to protect and serve the people of the USA. That is after all the favorite expression by the speaker, "It is what the people of the USA want."

But just to start let's look at this:

Welcome to the "water cycle" of Earth. (click here)

This is from the website page of Rich Hoffman a stated meteorologist. I don't know Mr. Hoffman so it really is a page that isn't really validated, except if Rich has credentials. Regardless, he has great pictures.

The water cycle is why human beings, American human beings have rain, water to drink, crops, log flumes at amusement parks, snow and believe it or not Earth's water cycle also effects temperature. Yes, indeed. Why? Because water CHANGES STATE. Oh, not like crossing the border from Ohio to Michigan, but, physical states such as solid, liquid and gas. The incredible truth about water is that it is CONSTANT in it's properties and changes states EXACTLY at the same temperature all the time.

The really remarkable TRUTH about water is that human beings, American human beings can live within all of water's states. Americans can live in warmer part of the country, moderate and very cold parts of the country. As the temperature of Earth changes in latitude and altitude it makes the ENVIRONMENT of which Americans live unique. Lakes, oceans, rivers, streams, sand, mountains, forests are all different all over the world, but, also all over the USA. It takes people who are learned to study them to know whether the aspects of life appreciated by Americans are normal or not.

To the right are the proportions of a NORMAL gaseous state of Earth. This would be the chemical part. The reason Earth has blue skies is due to N2, Nitrogen. Nitrogen is a great gas to dominate the composition of Earth because it is invisible to the American human eye, It is the lightest pnictogen and at room temperature, it is a colorless and odorless diatomic gas with a melting point of -346 degrees Fahrenheit and a boiling point of −320 °F. Good thing nitrogen is the major gas of Earth because it never leaves the gaseous state in a natural environment. I am sure the speaker recognizes liquid nitrogen, right? It evaporates immediately upon contact with normal human being American environment. Nitrogen provides for a very, very stable atmosphere for Earth.

2. 
   

Nitrogen alone can't support life on Earth. All the chemical properties we know as the mass of air are just as important as nitrogen. It is the mixture of these chemicals in the 'envelope' of space immediately above Earth that CREATES the perfect environment for American human beings to live. These chemicals, when in the natural balance, are completely benign to American human life. One could even say, American human life thrives because of the perfect natural balance in Earth's gaseous layer called the troposphere.

How are the chemicals in the troposphere creating this environment for American human beings? Chemical reaction with each other? No. If there were chemical reactions occurring in Earth's troposphere all the time there would be far too much turbulence to allow for human life, even those of Americans.

The way the chemicals in the natural troposphere allows for a living environment for American human beings is simply by their NATURAL STATE. Each chemical and it's compound are stable and it is the PROPERTIES of these chemical compounds that provide for a STABLE environment for American human beings.

These are what is coined as greenhouse gases, water vapor (that was vapor - H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitroous oxide (N2O) and ozone (O3).

That chart once again shows the PERCENTAGES these gases appear in Earth's gaseous layer commonly called air.

The greenhouse gases were named as such because they are the ones responsible for maintaining a CONSISTENT heat for Earth. The perfect design are represented in the natural state of air.

These compounds are incredible. Their presence in Earth's air are minuscule compared to the presence of nitrogen. If they didn't exist Earth would be inhabitable. No dinosaurs, no plant life, no nothing. 

Until the industrial revolution the troposphere never knew what imbalance meant. Even with volcanoes emitting chemicals into the air as soot, there was still no disturbance in a way that CONSISTENTLY built levels of greenhouse gases in the way human beings have emitted them. 

One of the reasons greenhouse gases are able to be in small quantities and represent such a powerful presence for LIFE ON EARTH are their bond angles. It is the somewhat common bond angles of these compounds that provide for a STABLE natural environment. No different than nitrogen these are benign gases that create a livable Earth. 

There is nothing American human beings can do to end the benevolence of Earth's greenhouse gases. Planes, jets, space ships can all fly through it, punch holes in it to allow orbital dynamics of which NASA is so famous. But, no matter what American human beings do to Earth's troposphere it never, ever, ever, never destroys these gases of the troposphere.

Can American human beings cause instability in the PERCENTAGES of gases in the troposphere? In other words, if the gases can't be destroyed, can anything cause an imbalance in the percentages that would cause disruption of Earth's precious troposphere? This is a chart from the US Department of Energy.

Link: http://www.eia.gov/oiaf/1605/ggccebro/chapter1.html

Levels of several important greenhouse gases have increased by about 25 percent since large-scale industrialization began around 150 years ago (Figure 1). During the past 20 years, about three-quarters of human-made carbon dioxide emissions were from burning fossil fuels.

Scientists can determine the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases otherwise the chart of Earth's troposphere composition would not be possible. The scientist have measured the mixture of chemical gases in Earth's troposphere from it's natural state to it's current state. As soon as the industrial revolution began and stated burning carbon fuels, including wood, the concentrations of these greenhouse gases have been changing from it's normal balance.

Along with this reality is the fact once PRODUCED greenhouse gases can't be destroyed. The more population on Earth and the more burning of carbon fuels the more there is in our troposphere. It has already been proven the greenhouse gases are benevolent to American human beings, but, when out of balance of Earth's natural state, there are problems that result such as drought, violent storms, an increase in tornado activity and danger, flooding of torrential rains because the clouds are now far higher in the troposphere and deliver rain differently. 

The benevolence of Earth's greenhouse gases is ending. It is ending because of the anthropogentric amounts of concentrations released in emissions. NOT GOD'S BALANCE, speaker, but, American human beings emissions.

American human beings don't have to understand the science that discovered this or understand how scientists do their work or be able to validate all the findings over centuries. American human beings should not even have to worry about any of this because their elected government, by oath of office, REQUIRES members to serve and protect the people of this country. It is governments responsibility to receive information and process it. It is not Congress's place to reproduce scientific findings, or delay actions recommended by scientists. It is the job of Congress to ACCEPT centuries of scientific investigation as fact and act to serve and protect the American people without corruption from cronies paying for their elections.

The problem today is NOT that the American people WANT more and more oil and gas, it is THE FACT they have little alternative because of the corruption of the American federal government and it's UNWILLINGNESS to accept the fact of scientists. The problem belongs to you speaker. You are the problem and those like you have been the problem. The corruption needs to stop and when the American people say they want dirty oil from Canada it is the RESPONSIBILITY of government to have ALREADY planned for the future when such hideous and avoidable dangers never occur. The speaker for all his years in Congress before he was speaker was just as corruption then as today when it came to being responsible for the very planet everyone calls Earth. He made the mistake that Earth can be taken for granted and it can't. 

The problem is not about the demands of the American people, it is about the lack of ability and WILL of their elected government.

"...calling the American people stupid." Not stupid, Speaker Boner, just gullible.

Want to know how gullible? Look at the most recent federal elections. People do believe liars when they carry the mantle of authority. Obviously, the house speaker is included in that assessment.

The Republicans are practicing politics not governance, so let me put the KXL into it's proper place.

The KXL is not needed. It has never been needed. This is about power, politics and pure greed. So, if I may.

"Tar Sands Dirty Oil and the Future of a Continent" by andrew Nikifonuk. (click here)

Upon taking office, then Vice President Richard Cheney convened an "energy committee." We have all heard about the closed meetings with the petroleum industry and how one sided it all was. That was 2001. In the policy book that followed every corner of Earth that Richard Cheney and Halliburton was interested was a part of that policy.

Let's start with this:

November 14, 2014

HOUSTON Oilfield-services (click here) company Baker Hughes Inc. said Friday that rival Halliburton Co. plans to nominate candidates to replace the entire board of directors of Baker Hughes after negotiations about a possible acquisition stalled.

Baker Hughes said that Halliburton has refused to raise its first and only offer to buy it, which the Baker Hughes board determined was not "adequate." Baker Hughes didn't disclose the offer's value.

Baker Hughes said it considers Halliburton's move to replace its directors an attempt to pressure its board into accepting the offer. A combination of the two would create a company slightly larger in revenue than Schlumberger Ltd., currently the world's biggest oil services company....

I was surprised to hear the deal between the two oil field service companies had gone through. Only last week the SEC told Halliburton in order to acquire Baker Hughes they had to sell off billions in assets. The reason was to avoid any antitrust lawsuits. Either Halliburton threw caution to the wind, or there was a garage sale at Halliburton over the weekend.

Halliburton sold off KBR due to antics in Iraq, but, maintained itself as a premier oil field service company. It is now engaged in eliminating it's competition. Things are good at Halliburton since Cheney was Vice President.

When I say the KXL was never needed I mean it. The USA doesn't need foreign oil. This is a report from the USGS that outlines all the gas and oil pockets/vats in the entire world.

Link: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5294/pdf/sir5294_508.pdf

There is no shortage of gas and oil. To that end there is no need to worry about anything other than the growth of alternative energy. Why? Because global warming is real, causing droughts, massive fires and changing the face of Earth into an uninhabitable rock.

Why doesn't the USA have to worry about the future of oil? Well, there is the Bakkan, but, to be completely honest there is a vat of oil and gas within the continental borders of the USA called the Green River deposits. It isn't as though the public wasn't aware of it either.

Link: http://abcnews.go.com/Business/american-oil-find-holds-oil-opec/story?id=17536852

Read more here: http://www.charlotteobserver.com/2014/11/14/5316515/baker-hughes-halliburton-aims.html#.VGqC4vnF9c4#storylink=cpy

The Green River Deposits are estimated to be at least 1.4 trillion barrels. Some estimates by private industry state 4 trillion. That seems too high to me. But, the 'idea' the KXL is the best alternative for USA energy is among the most hyped and stupid things ever stated. It, however, makes for great politics (OBVIOUSLY) noting the right with their "Drill, Babe, Drill" and "Mine, Babe, Mine" rant.

The USA has a lot of gas and oil. The USA is not alone in having a lot of gas and oil. What would happen to the petroleum industry if all of a sudden 1.4 trillion barrels were dumped on the world markets right now? It would collapse under the sheer glut of oil available as a commodity.

Peak Oil did happen in 2005. Basically, all the cheap oil has been drilled and there are now declining supplies of oil from that TRADITIONAL source. It is far cheaper for Saudi Arabia to extract their oil than it is for the USA to extract it's using horizontal drilling. 

I guarantee you any small operator that has been drilling because of the high price of the COMMODITY 'oil' is now scaling back. The cost of running those small operations simply doesn't justify the return on investment at this point. That is also true of the Canadian tar sands.

While the Canadian tar sands and the KXL makes for great politics, it is all hot air. There is nothing to this. The USA is making precious land available for a highly dangerous form of oil that will absolutely end up polluting the aquifer and destroying farm land.

When I reflect on this profound reality I have to wonder what kind of mind Richard Cheney actually has considering he has absolutely no respect for anyone besides himself. He sure as heck doesn't value the people of this country and it's land and agricultural production that daunts most other agriculture in the world. 

The American people have to make their choices to bring about a reduction in Greenhouse Gases. They simply have to. The USA and China have to make that reduction without compromise. There has to be a return to Earth's balance of it's gaseous layers we live in. The part of Earth that provides for life. President Obama with his alliance with China is a great and hopeful sign we are finally going to be turning the corner on droughts, wild weather that kills, floods and furious fires of the land.

Global warming is a scientific fact. It isn't a political ideology, but, the petroleum industry made it so. The petroleum industry created the myth there is no such thing as global warming and CO2 could never be a toxic gas. That was their profit and they didn't care of the world's atmosphere collapsed tomorrow. 

The scientists of the world never politicized the fact there was anthropogenic global warming. They never disrespected the American people in their findings for the idea they were earning money not otherwise available. I am intricately involved with the conservation community and movement and there is no one becoming a million-billionaire because they are pulling in government monies from research of global warming. That simply doesn't happen. The people I know have their research as a side line to their teaching credentials. 

The USA is not in need of any Canadian tar sands EVEN IF it was being sent into the country from the Texas refineries. The Texas refineries were always going to export the CANADIAN oil to other countries. 

Why should the USA completely compromise it's land for the sake of a pipeline that doesn't even serve it's needs and tar sands oil (that is very dangerous because it is 50% nathpha)? Why? There is absolutely no reason. Dick Cheney provided 'the talking points' and the GOP has been running with it ever since.

Now, the US Senate can spend time passing an oil bill that is only necessary to assist one of it's members dealing with the propaganda of the right wing. But, it is President's Obama's OBLIGATION to veto the bill if ever making it to his desk. When he does, the GOP will scream and cry that thousands of jobs have been destroyed and the country needs a fine Republican president like Jeb Bush and a Vice President like Rubio. Then the GOP will be off to the races and any lawsuit and/or impeachment proceedings will be nothing but politics for the next two years.

The USA has plenty of oil and gas and if the country ever needed it for a military emergency the Army Corp Engineers along with soldiers could drill it and bring it to refineries to process it for the battlefield even for as expensive as it might be. 

It is a great idea to send the USA to war if you are an oil man, by the way. It drives the demand and the price up, and well what could be better. 

The country is fine. There is nothing happening to the USA because of oil and gas. The USA has to roll back it's EMISSIONS of Greenhouse Gases and it has to do it now. The oil isn't going anywhere. But, a habitable and productive planet is.

So young Caucasian men ever do stupid things?

You betcha. 

My youngest son was among the most stupid of the two boys.

First I get a phone call from a police officer stating my son was the intersection of Smith and Jones and needed transportation. When I arrived he was standing in the rain with the police car on the opposite corner with lights flashing. The car he was driving was in a ditch and unable to be retrieved without the assist of a wrecker. I was grateful no one else was involved. The police officer did not issue a warrant because it was raining. The car needed body work. It was not a minor issue.

His excuse? His would be girlfriend, whom's father was a police officer and didn't like him, called and said her parents were out of the house. It was not a minor issue.

Two days later I paid a visit to the prospective girlfriend's home when I saw her father's cruiser parked out front. I spoke with the father and asked if the relationship between his daughter and my son had changed recently as there was a rendezvous planned recently. He stated he didn't approve of the idea of his daughter having a regular boyfriend, she was 15, while my son was 17. I told him I understood completely and there would be no more problem. I wanted to put an adult face on the idea my son was out of control and endangering his daughter. The father thanked me for the information and visit.

It was getting closer to the end of my son's senior year and I received a phone call from one of his principles as he took an advanced course in Marine Biology at a different high school. When I answered the phone the principle stated this was very important and I must come to the office. 

I was alarmed and worried. I didn't usually get that kind of phone call from authorities. I went to the school and stood at the desk while the Vice Principle called me into his office. Outside of his office were four young men and the only one I recognized was my son.

I went into the office and he called my son in to have a seat. He closed the door. He took a seat behind his desk opened the top drawer and pulled out a ten inch Bowie knife. My chin nearly hit the floor and it must have appeared as though I was going to pass out. The VP asked if I needed a drink of water. My son at the very same instant began to apologize profusely for this dilemma now facing me.

When the shock was over I looked at the VP and asked if there were any deaths or injuries associated with said knife. He stated no, but, this was found in the pocket of my son's jacket. I had never seen the lousy weapon before and immediately asked my son where he got it. He stated he wasn't sure, but, he thought one of the other three put it in his pocket when they were discovered drinking alcohol in the grove of trees in the back parking lot during a study hall.

Now, I was angry.

No one wants me to be angry. Promise.

I turned toward face my son directly and forget all I said to him, but, when I was finished he was in tears and the VP was simply wide eyed and almost apologetic. 

My son had been accepted into his first choice of college and I was completely devastated to what this might mean to his future, immediately and in the coming years. The VP stated since my son had never had this type of incident before he would be given three days in school suspension where work would be demanded of him and it would not directly effect his school record or his prospect of higher education. I thank the man who seemed relieved to have a parent that sincerely cared as he did. I promise him it would never happen again. With that my son was never to be involved with alcohol or his dangerous friends ever again. 

As I left the VP's office with son in tow I passed the other three Caucasian young men. Without me saying a word, the three of them stood and apologized to me and was very sorry for my state of upset and promised never to allow such episodes to happen again. I didn't reply, but, was taken seriously through what they had heard coming from inside the VP's office. 

As I left I realized I was the only parent in the office and I had already been there over 20 minutes in the presence of the VP. 

So, do white boys get in trouble as they are becoming young men? They most certainly do. Do white boys take their discipline more seriously than black boys? I wouldn't think so. I have witnessed many a wonderful African American parent and families and at the time of my son's graduation he had taken a beautiful Black girl to the prom and had his African American young man friend at his graduation party along with all the relatives, too.

Why do these young Black men die? They are no worse nor any better than my son and yet they are met with death every time a police officer enters their lives.

IT MUST STOP. Michael Brown, Jr. should be at his university today and he is not.

A brilliant doctor has died because he came to treatment too late.

November 17, 2014
By John Bacon

Salia's wife, Isatu, (click here) says her husband tested negative for the virus in the early days of his illness. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said "false negative" test results are possible in the first days of symptoms when the viral load is relatively low. The tests do not represent a health risk to others, he said, because people with low levels of the virus are not very contagious....

There are many diseases and medical conditions that test false when indeed there is a change in the internal environment of the body. Women know that pregnancy tests are not always accurate and will result negative. Walking stress tests will result negative for men when indeed they have a heart condition. 

There is nothing new here. One of the earlier physicians, a woman whom's name escapes me, tested negative for Ebola and was first treated for malaria. This is not new.

The BEST indicator of SUSPICION are symptoms, moderately high fever (within what is considered a cardinal sign of infection, but, the fever is not deadly itself) accompanied by fatigue.

This virus remains to be consistent in it's manifestation. It is the symptoms in the early stages of infection that results in emergent treatment that saves lives. In the picture he looks in very good health. Had he come to treatment earlier there is a far greater chance he would be alive today. We cannot afford to lose physicians, surgeons, nurses or anyone affiliated with the health care system. Without them we all fail.

This is a profound tragedy for the lives he will no longer save.

There is something odd about the coverage of the Michael Brown, Jr.'s death.

It seems to me there are people expecting to arrive at an end point in regard to this death whereby it is clear the deceased was indeed involved in criminal acts and therefore his death is justified.

That 'end point' will never arrive. Even after 'the system' decides Darren Wilson (what ever his name is) cannot be charged there will be demonstrations in reaction to the death of Michael Brown, Jr.

The death of this young man is egregious regardless of how the system wants to make Wilson appear exonerated. 

The question is how can those TWO REALITIES exist at one time?

These two realities exist in the same space and time because Michael Brown, Jr. is dead due to very poor police work and social stereotypes. Make no mistake there exists a rash of deaths of young Black men at the hand of police officers in the USA. Those deaths are unjustified and exist because of poor police work (although technically correct) and stereotypes. That is a fact.

Why is it the police officers that do the killing never have their lives in danger?
__________________

In the tapes whereby Wilson asks coworkers over the radio if they needed any help, translates into "Do you need another gun on the scene?"
_________________

The suspect is a large, black male about 19 years old and has escaped from the assault of an officer. In other words, this kid is dangerous beyond belief and the only method of controlling him is by inflicting gun wounds at the very least.

In reality, was a gun ever needed in this case? 

Absolutely not. Ever hear of chasing a suspect? Well. I'll be darn.

Guilty as charged, Wilson used poor police judgement of overwhelming force that resulted in the unnecessary death of another young African American male.
_______________

These young men are very important young men. They have moved through a system of education in a low middle class environment, are attending college and going on to improve the brain trust of the USA with deep understood values of 'the struggle' to succeed while shunning racial discrimination. They are the country's accomplishment to remove prejudice and bring success where none existed before, quiet likely with their father and grandfather. 

I don't care what kind of background they have or came from or how advantaged they may or may not have been, they are being gunned down when they are just beginning their lives. THIS is STILL another chapter of American racism. We are still there hanging them in the gallows.