There is a difference between Peat and Permafrost.

Peat extraction in East Frisia, Germany

In order for peat to release it's carbon it has to be dried and ignited. 

In the case of Permafrost, the heating of the troposphere exposes the layers of trapped gases. Permafrost is part of the negative feedback loop of Earth. It releases it's gases without any prompting by humans. It simply reacts to the heat and there is no controlling it.

Negative feedback loops of Earth are triggered with increasing temperatures. It is the genie that should never have been let out of the bottle.

These negative feedback loops have to be compensated along with human induced greenhouse gases. In is an indirect effect of the anthropogenic greenhouse gases produced from burning fossil fuels that releases the stores of greenhouse gases Earth has held in abeyance.

The difference between Permafrost and Peat is the ability of human beings to control the burning of Peat to prevent release of more carbon dioxide. Peat is a fossil fuel.

There is also this as of April 18, 2016

By Nancy Harris and Sarah Sargent

Tropical regions (click here) face an emissions challenge from an important, but relatively little-known source: drained peatland. Peat soil, made up of partially decomposed, wet plant material that forms over thousands of years, is highly concentrated in Indonesia and Malaysia. Peatland in these countries has become a common target for agricultural expansion, particularly for oil palm, as fertile land becomes increasingly scarce. When land is cleared for plantations, the underlying peat needs to be drained, releasing CO2 into the atmosphere.

In fact, the estimated annual emissions from peat drainage in Indonesia and Malaysia—the world’s two largest sources of tropical peat—equate to emissions from nearly 70 coal plants, or the total annual emissions of Vietnam.

Indonesia and Malaysia are among the world’s major emitters (6th and 19th respectively). But their contributions to global emissions may be even worse than we think as most estimates of emissions from land use and land use change leave out those from drained peatland....

I think I left off with "Energy."

Discussed wood and "slash and burn." I discussed peat and the intensity of the carbon dioxide released from the burning of peat.

There was one site on Peat I didn't mention:

1. Peatlands (click here) cover an estimated area of 400 million ha, equivalent to 3% of the Earth’s land surface. Most (c. 350 million ha) are in the northern hemisphere, covering large areas in North America, Russia and Europe. Tropical peatlands occur in mainland East Asia, Southeast Asia, the Caribbean and Central America, South America and southern Africa where the current estimate of undisturbed peatland is 30-45 million ha or 10-12% of the global peatland resource.

2. Peatlands represent globally significant stores of soil C that have been accumulating for millennia and currently, peatlands globally represent a major store of soil carbon, sink for carbon dioxide and source of atmospheric methane. In general, nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions are low from natural peatlands but there is evidence that those used for agriculture are releasing significant amounts of this potent greenhouse gas. Losses of peatland C from storage result from changes in the balance between net exchange of CO2, emission of CH4, and hydrological losses of carbon (e.g. dissolved organic and inorganic C and particulate organic C). The greenhouse gas (GHG) balance of a peatland depends on relative rates of net CO2 uptake or effl ux and CH4 and N2O efflux....

It is Sunday Night.

June 26, 2016
By David Lindquist

...Across decades (click here) of live performances, Bob Dylan rarely has been accused of precisely communicating his lyrics.

Instead, the iconic singer-songwriter clears his throat to obscure famous lines or alters time signatures to head off any possibility of an audience sing-along....
...Dylan cast a spell with early Sinatra B-side “Melancholy Mood” and Irving Berlin’s “What’ll I Do."

In his supporting cast, Donnie Herron played pedal steel guitar and Tony Garnier bowed his upright bass to bring big band and/or orchestral accents to these oldies.

But Dylan handled the heavy lifting when enunciating so clearly and investing so much emotion in "I’m a Fool to Want You,” a tune Sinatra recorded in 1951.

"Fool's" narrator faces a quandary: He thinks might leave his lover, but then he would need her again and eventually beg her to take him back....

"Up to me" by Bob Dylan (click here)

Everything went from bad to worse
Money never changed a thing
Death kept followin', trackin' us down
At least I heard your bluebird sing
Now somebody's got to show their hand
Time is an enemy
I know you're long gone
I guess it must be up to me

Oh, the union central is pullin' out
The orchids are in bloom
I've only got me one good shirt left and it smells of stale perfume
In fourteen months I've only smiled once and I didn't do it consciously
Somebody's got to find your trail
I guess it must be up to me

It was like a revelation
When you betrayed me with your touch
I'd just about convinced myself nothin' had changed that much
The old rounder in the iron mask he slipped me the master key
Somebody had to unlock your heart He said it was up to me

Now I watched you slowly disappear down into the officers' club
I would've followed you in the door but I didn't have a ticket stub
So I waited all night 'til the break of day, hopin' one of us could get free
When the dawn came over the river bridge
I knew it was up to me

There's a note left in the bottle, you can give it to Estelle
She's the one you been wond'rin' about, but there's really nothin' much to tell
We both heard voices for a while, now the rest is history
Somebody's got to cry some tears
I guess it must be up to me

If we never meet again, baby, remember me
How my lone guitar played sweet for you that old-time melody
And the harmonica around my neck, I blew it for you, free
No one else could play that tune, you know it was up to me

For the UK. They stopped their runaway train.

Congratulations to Great Britain. The countrymen and women stopped the TTiP. There is no other way. The corruption within governments override the best interest of the people. All the overpaid leaders see is Wall Street and the power within themselves to achieve their own standard of living. 

Well done.

To prove to you how very, very depraved the USA is the media today was selling the idea of a REVOTE.

The USA media never took the vote seriously. Not for minute today did I hear a sincere understanding of the willingness of a country's population to overthrow it's government to end the exploitation of the under classes.

The people of Great Britain has every reason to be proud. David Cameron needs to leave as quick as his well paid housekeepers can move him out!

The leadership doesn't listen. They have their high and mighty ideologies that have worked for decades. Ideology doesn't produce or grow an economy and is sure doesn't address national security. The world we have been lead into is a blind ally and the populous suffers. 

It is about time we took our governments back and ended the evils unrestrained power has caused.

June 25, 2016
By Griff Witte and Dan Balz

London — For centuries, (click here) this modest little island in the North Sea has punched well above its weight on the international stage: It built a global empire, beat back the Nazi tide and stood shoulder to shoulder with the United States during a decades-long standoff with the Soviets.
But now that Britain has stunned the world with its decision to exit the European Union, experts say it will be focused inward for the foreseeable future.
“I don’t think there will be the capacity or the infrastructure to look outward in the next five years,” said Ian Kearns, director of the London-based European Leadership Network. “With all our diplomatic resources focused on extracting concessions from the E.U., we won’t be in anything other than reactive mode on other issues.”...

Reactive mode is good. Now the people have control again. Reactive mode is very, very good.

The PGA Tour's Greenbrier Classic scheduled for next month has been canceled because of the devastating flooding in West Virginia

Maybe this might make an impression on Wall Street, Donald Trump and West Virginia's remaining 35 thousand coal jobs.

Americans are dying from the climate crisis. Denial of the obvious need for the USA Congress to address the climate crisis is a moral requirement.

June 25, 2016
By Stephen Whyno

Bethesda, Md. (AP) — The PGA Tour (click here) canceled the Greenbrier Classic, scheduled for July 7-10, on Saturday because of devastating flooding in West Virginia.

The Greenbrier Resort in White Sulphur Springs has been was inundated with floodwater after heavy storms rolled into the state Thursday. Tour officials say the Old White TPC, the host course, suffered extensive damage and "is beyond reasonable repair to conduct the tournament."

PGA Tour Commissioner Tim Finchem said officials were heartbroken by the devastation in West Virginia and offered their thoughts and prayers.

"Canceling the Greenbrier Classic is certainly the most prudent course of action as our foremost concern is the well-being of those who are having to live through this tragic situation," Finchem said....

Traveling today.

The American people have rights within the governance of their lives.

In respect of the magnificent house members  I still will not discuss parliamentary procedure that is correct when hearing a vote is impossible. 

This is the ultimate demonstration of "No Clue Speaker Paul Ryan." He doesn't even know what to do when there is a demonstration exerting "Freedom of Speech" rights by the members of the US House.

The US House members are still in demonstration of the very real dangers Americans face everyday. 

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed, by their Creator, with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.

That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles, and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness....

That includes replacing any and all parties that are a danger to the American people.

Speaker Paul Ryan has conducted a fraudulent session and vote.

The session should be in contention.

Speaker Ryan stated, "The ayes have it." It was impossible to hear a majority choice." It is fraudulent and the proceedings going forward is fraudulent.

In checking with "Robert's Rules of Order," the US Speaker Paul Ryan mishandled the entire session.

Don't believe me? Look it up. I don't feel like being particularly helpful.

In Congress, "the vast majority of actions decided by a voice vote" are ones for which "a strong or even overwhelming majority favors one side," or...

There was no strong or overwhelming majority that could be heard. The only strong and overwhelming words that could be heard was that of the oppositional (The Nay Vote) of the US House Democrats. The verbal "Aye" was never heard. The ONLY verbal vote was that of the opposition. Ryan not only defrauded the vote, he ignored the strong verbal reply. He completely ignored the Democrats in opposition to the vote.

A Speaker cannot pick and choose the verbal majority.

...even unanimous consent. This is because after the chair announces what he believes to be the result of a voice vote, any member can request a division of the assembly (a rising vote, where each sides rise in turn to be counted), and one-fifth of members can demand a recorded vote on any question.

It's estimated that more than 95 percent of the resolutions passed by state legislatures are passed by a unanimous voice vote, many without discussion; this is because resolutions are often on routine, noncontroversial matters, such as commemorating important events or recognizing group.

US Republicans have complete disrespect for life while attempting to create artificial buoyancy in the markets.

17 June 2016
By Rowan Mason, Robert Booth and Vikram Dodd

...Jo Cox was killed (click here) by a “well of hatred”, Jeremy Corbyn has said in an emotional tribute to the Labour MP in her constituency town of Birstall in West Yorkshire.
The Labour leader, appearing alongside David Cameron, also announced that parliament would be recalled on Monday to pay tribute to Cox “on behalf of everybody who values democracy, free speech and the right of political expression”.
Corbyn said: “She was taken from us in an act of hatred, in a vile act that has killed her. It is an attack on democracy what has happened today. It is the well of hatred that killed her.”
He spoke alongside the prime minister, and the speaker of the House of Commons, John Bercow, as they laid flowers at the Priestley memorial near where Cox was shot and stabbed on Thursday....

June 22, 2016
By David Meyer

Company steers users towards supporting her causes. (click here)
Google has urged its users in the U.K. to donate to the memorial fund of assassinated British politician Jo Cox.
Cox, a prominent advocate for refugees and supporter of the U.K.’s membership in the EU, was killed Thursday in her West Yorkshire constituency. A man with suspected far-right ties, Thomas Mair, stands accused of her murder, and her widower, Brendan Cox, said her death was politically motivated.
When Mair appeared in court for the first time, he gave his name as “death to traitors, freedom for Britain.”...

Guns are more precious than American lives and Wall Street is more important than Guns.

Speaker Paul Ryan is pushing the lives of Americans aside to allow a vote that benefits their Wall Street cronies.

Americans MEAN NOTHING to the US House Republicans lead by Speaker Paul Ryan!

Nothing!

Americans mean nothing and are better off dead to profit Wall Street!

Why are the US Republicans carrying on about their Wall Street cronies, because, they are attempting to counter the unknown of the "Brexit" vote. They want to create buoyancy to see them through.

CORRUPTION! Speaker Ryan is committing deep seated corruption!

June 22, 2016
By Edward Krudy

New York (Reuters) - Global markets traded cautiously (click here) on Wednesday, a day before the United Kingdom votes on whether to stay in the EU, with Wall Street stocks easing lower and sterling inching up.
Oil fell back below $50 per barrel and the yen was down against the dollar, with the latest polls showing a slight tilt toward leaving the European Union when Britons go to the polls on Thursday.

House Speaker Ryan is more worried about floating the Yen than ending deaths in the USA due to gun violence.

The "Leave" campaign holds a 1-2 point lead over the "In" camp ahead of Thursday's membership referendum, according to surveys published by polling firms Opinium and TNS, reversing a tilt earlier this week toward "Remain."

Markets have been resilient so far this week, with investors unwilling to make big bets in either direction over the last two days. Opinion polls have led to volatility in asset prices, although Monday's large rally in "risk assets" has held as markets appear to lean toward the view that the United Kingdom will remain in the EU.

"I think the result of the Brexit vote is 50/50, and it will probably be very tight," said Olivier de Berranger, fund manager at French firm La Financiere de L'Echiquier, which manages around $9 billion in assets....

FREEDOM OF SPEECH! House Republicans block FREEDOM OF SPEECH PROTEST!

June 22, 2016
By Paul Singer

Shortly after dozens of House Democrats (click here) mounted a sit-in on the House floor to protest inaction on gun legislation, the C-SPAN cameras (and the microphones on the floor) went dark.

Conspiracy? Censorship? Republicans leadership trying to blot out the protest?

Nope, simply the sound of a single gavel.

C-SPAN broadcasts the proceedings of the House, but it doesn't control the cameras. All of that is run by the House, under the control of the majority leadership, and by long-standing policy, the broadcast is only live while the House is in session. When Democrats began their protest, Rep. Ted Poe, R-Texas, who was presiding over the chamber, asked for order. Democrats did not yield the floor, so Poe banged the gavel and declared the House in recess. And the C-SPAN cameras went dark....

Ryan states this is a publicity stunt? Paul Ryan is disgusting! American blood is running in the streets!!!!!!!!!!

STOP THE SALE OF GUNS TO TERRORISTS!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Paul Ryan is a joke of a Speaker.

There is no USA Amendment that allows for the slaughter of Americans!

June 14, 2016
By Caitlin Nolan

When gunfire broke out in the Orlando nightclub (click here) Pulse Sunday, panicked clubgoers frantically tried to escape what would quickly be classified as the deadliest mass shooting in modern U.S. history.
But some of the 49 people who lost their lives in the massacre died protecting others, as they shielded loved ones from the fusillade of bullets that Omar Mateen sprayed into the crowded venue.
Brooklyn native Brenda Lee Marquez McCool was out for a night of dancing and fun with her son Isaiah Henderson when the 29-year-old gunman opened fire.
The 49-year-old mother of 11 saw the terror unfold and put herself in harm’s way to save her son....

Donald Trump made a rather sweeping speech. It was impressive.

Hillary Clinton made two speeches over the past two days. They were impressive. She was smiling at times while injecting a light hearted reference or two. Nice.

Her speeches were scrutinized for 'the truth' and passed with flying colors. I would expect Donald Trump's speech to be just as closely scrutinized for 'the truth.'

I have to be somewhere today and will address Donald Trump's speech later.

At a time in the USA when so many people are suffering under oppressive economic conditions and fear their own neighbors and neighborhoods, the truth should be well ensconced into any political campaign. The American people will not settle for rhetoric because it taints their best outcomes. I hope all the candidates realize how very, very important the truth is in the year 2016.

June 22, 2016
By Jordan Fabian and Amie Parnes

Hillary Clinton (click here) will soon tap into President Obama's coveted email list, according to party officials.
The long-awaited move, which comes as Clintonites take the reins of the Democratic National Committee (DNC), could inject more money into Clinton's campaign coffers as she seeks to expand her fundraising advantage over presumptive GOP presidential nominee Donald Trump.
The Obama list has long been seen as a political gold mine for Democrats. Obama's campaign raked in around $500 million through email and online donations in the 2012 cycle alone, according to media reports.
Allies of the likely Democratic nominee say having the list will help their ability to connect to Obama's diverse network of donors, though they were also careful to note that Clinton's own fundraising network is a strong one....

Paul Ryan has no clue. He is just a Reaganwannabee. He lumps everything together and calls it a policy. He hasn't got a clue.

June 20, 2016
By the New York Times Editorial Board

...The plan bases its case for deregulation (click here) on the claim that “the American people now spend $1.89 trillion every year, just to comply with Washington’s rules — approximately $15,000 per household.” That estimate, from the Competitive Enterprise Institute, a free-market group formed in 1984, has been debunked. Its fatal flaw is that it assumes regulations have only costs and no benefits. The Ryan plan recycles that absurdity. It harps on corporate compliance costs while ignoring the social and economic benefits of, say, clean air, clean water, time-and-a-half for overtime, properly underwritten loans and adequate bank capital, to name just a few of the regulatory targets.

Mr. Ryan seems to think his ideas would become reality in a Donald Trump administration. “We feel very confident that our presumptive nominee is comfortable with this agenda,” he said in announcing the plan....

At one time scientists, including NOAA and NASA were estimating the cost of the climate crisis. I don't recall the mention of failed tourism.

June 22, 2016
By Katy Galimberti

An Ohio teen died (click here) after contracting a brain-eating amoeba that thrives in warm freshwater while swimming on a trip in North Carolina.
The 18-year-old woman was on a church trip and is suspected to have contracted Naegleria Fowleri at a popular outdoor recreation center near Charlotte, NBC affiliate WCMH reported.
Commonly found in warm freshwater such as lakes, ponds and hot springs, humans are infected by the deadly organisms when water containing the amoeba travels through the nose and migrates to the brain, destroying the tissue.
High temperatures in the summer months elevate the risk of coming into contact with the brain-eating amoeba....

From the CDC:

...(click here) (commonly referred to as the "brain-eating amoeba" or "brain-eating ameba"), is a free-living microscopic ameba*, (single-celled living organism). It can cause a rare and devastating infection of the brain called primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). The ameba is commonly found in warm freshwater (e.g. lakes, rivers, and hot springs) and soil. Naegleria fowleri usually infects people when contaminated water enters the body through the nose...
Naegleria fowleri

Symptoms (click here) may start about 1 day to 1 week after exposure; initially symptoms may include:

changes in smell and taste,

headache,

fever,

stiff neck, nausea, and vomiting.

The patient may have confusion, ataxia (wobbliness), and seizures; and rapidly worsen over about 3 to 7 days with death occurring about 7 to 14 days after exposure. Patients, who are usually young, may not seek medical care quickly; most patients are diagnosed by examination of autopsied brain tissue....

Brexit and the TiPP, what results?

May 21, 2016

By Suzanne Lynch

It was June 2013 and Ireland (click here) was nearing the end of its six-month presidency of the European Union. At a meeting in Luxembourg, the then minister for trade Richard Bruton hailed an historic agreement. After months of behind-the-scenes negotiations, led mostly by Irish officials, EU member states had agreed to open talks with the US on an ambitious trade agreement.

A last-minute attempt by the French to exclude the heavily-subsidised French film industry from the negotiating mandate threatened to derail the sensitive talks at the 11th hour. Following tense negotiations, the rest of the EU’s member states bowed to French’s demands for “l’exception culturelle”, and the deal was done. EU trade ministers signed on the dotted line.

Three years later the EU-US trade deal is reaching a crucial phase. Experts on both sides of the Atlantic agree that a deal must be reached before the end of US president Barack Obama’s term. If not, plans for creating the world’s largest trade pact will be kicked down the road into the mandate of the next US president, with little hope of agreement in the near term....

It is a change in governance. I don't see the path forward. Changing the boundary lines of an entire continent is not a minor issue. 

June 22, 2016

Even as the day for the referendum (click here) in Britain on whether it wants to remain in or leave the European Union comes closer, opinion polls are divided on the outcome and show that the result could go either way, making the contest a neck-and-neck fight between the two sides.
The Brexit debate, or the debate on the possible exit of Britain from the EU, has two sides: The 'Remain' side which believes that Britain should stay in the EU and the 'Leave' side which supports a Brexit.
Apart from politicians, celebrities have also been saying a lot of things about the Brexit issue.
According to YouGov, a website which displays trends on the basis of information collected from around four million people around the world, the latest trends show that 44 percent of people in Britain want to leave the EU, 42 percent want Britain to remain whereas the rest are undecided on the issue or will not vote in the referendum...

It is a perfect opportunity to end the TiPP process.

June 22, 2016

...The Risks Of Leaving (click here)
But those countries never had Britain's larger global ambitions, the other side argues.
"As a single country we would have minimal influence on world affairs. Does anyone seriously think the prospect of British sanctions would alarm [Russian President] Vladimir Putin, or have persuaded Iran to curtail its nuclear program?" Martin Fletcher, the former foreign editor of the Times of London, wrote in a Facebook post.
"We would be willfully removing ourselves from a single market of 500 million people without the faintest idea whether, or on what terms, we would be allowed to continue trading with 27 E.U. states who would want to punish us. Why on earth would we take such a monumental risk?" he added.
The "Leave" supporters claim that the E.U. has chipped away at Britain's sovereignty, and cutting ties would make Britain stronger and freer to act as it chooses. Their motto is "Take Control."....

Zika has many victims, including the achievements of athletes.

June 22, 2016

...Four-time major winner Rory McIlroy (click here) has withdrawn from contention for the Rio de Janeiro Olympics due to concerns over the Zika virus.

"After speaking with those closest to me, I've come to realise that my health and my family's health comes before anything else," the Northern Irishman said on Wednesday in a statement.

"Even though the risk of infection from the Zika virus is considered low, it is a risk nonetheless and a risk I am unwilling to take."

"I trust the Irish people will understand my decision. The unwavering support I receive every time I compete in a golf tournament at home or abroad means the world to me."

McIlroy has recently slipped to fourth in the world rankings after failing to make the cut at the US Open....

I think it is irresponsible to state Zika virus's risk is low.

June 21, 2016

West Chester, Pa. (WPVI) --

The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (click here) has confirmed the first case of Zika virus in Chester County.

The case, according to the Chester County Health Department, involves a Chester County woman who had recently traveled to an area affected by mosquitos carrying the Zika virus. She was not pregnant....

June 22, 2016
By Robyn Ironside

Australia's favourite overseas holiday destination (click here) has been added to the list of countries plagued by Zika virus, in what could be a huge blow for the Bali honey and babymoon industry.

Travel advice issued by the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade warns Indonesia is experiencing “sporadic transmission” of the virus which has been linked to serious birth defects.
The warning advises all travellers to Indonesia to “protect themselves from mosquito bites”.
“Given the possibility that Zika virus can cause severe malformations in unborn babies, and taking a very cautious approach, pregnant women should discuss any travel plans with the travel doctor and consider postponing travel to Indonesia,” reads the advice....