There is much confusion (click here) about the terms “shale oil” and “oil shale”. The two are often used interchangeably, but, in fact are very different. Oil shale is an organic-rich sedimentary rock that contains kerogen. Kerogen-rich rock must be heated at extremely high temperatures (950 degrees F or 500 degrees Celsius) in order to “process” it into liquid oil. Oil shale is expensive to mine, as it is more complex than conventional oil recovery. The oil substances in oil shale are solid and cannot be pumped directly out of the ground.
She wants to seek more production of carbon fuels by increasing the demand for 'making' oil from rock. It isn't enough she wants to export natural gas and coal, she wants to see condensates as a 'nice surprise.' She wants to deregulate everything and allow high carbon dioxide emissions OUTSIDE the USA.
Think Halliburton.
Gas oil, naphtha and other relatively light hydrocarbons (with some dissolved hydrocarbon gases such as butane and propane) which remain liquid at normal temperature and pressure. Recovered mainly from gas reservoirs, condensates are very similar to light stabilized crude oil and are used as feedstock for oil refining and other petrochemical industries.
The only people that consider condensate a 'dangerous good' is the petroleum industry.
Condensate is considered a “dangerous good”, and is classified as a highly toxic substance by the federal government. It is highly flammable, and under certain conditions, explosive. It is toxic in its liquid form, and vapours are extremely toxic also.
The use of the word 'condensates' is arbitrary. It is a grade of oil derived from some source in the world of petroleum. The reason there is liquid oil in the ground is because of carbon material that devolved to oil UNDER PRESSURE.
"Condensates" tend to be lighter in color, too, all the way to water-clear and often to straw-yellow or light green, though some are deep black. "Oils" run a broad range of colors from deep black to light straw, with varying tints of green, brown, red, and even blue.
As to price, the "sweet spot" is somewhere in the middle of the range (the price you hear on the news is for either "light sweet crude" or "West Texas Intermediate". Lighter crudes (& condensates) are easier to process for many products (gasoline, gas, petrochemicals) but have less total energy content.
There is a spectrum of oil classified to help the industry understand the characteristics of that source to determine how it is obtained and processed.
There is a Google Book Link that is entitled, "The properties of petroleum products" (click here)
Definition - CONDENSATE
As natural gas comes to the surface, pressure is released and temperatures are lowered, and some of the gas content naturally condenses into a light oil called condensate.
In case this is confusing, I think of it as a pressure cooker. The higher the pressure the faster food will cook. That is the sort of dynamic that acts upon petroleum reserves in the ground. The pressure 'at depth' cause the substance to be liquid. No different than the magma layer of Earth. Right? Earth's core or center layer that is primarily nickel and iron, BUT, it is liquid, not solid as on the surface of Earth. On the surface of Earth iron is mined.
The layers of Earth are primarily liquid, except for the upper layers. The deeper one goes into Earth's mass there are two qualities guaranteed to be similar, the ROCK is no longer rock as we think about it.
The oil condensates are the same principle. When drilling takes place there is all kinds of changes to Earth's mass at that particular point. There is release of gas and there is movement of liquid. Some of the gas as it reaches the surface of the planet condenses as the pressure is relieved into a form of oil.
The reason Murkowski is ecstatic about it because it can be obtained from gas drills.
The petroleum industry knows no conscience. They will continue to pay off legislators so they can continue these practices, regardless of water pollution and seismic activity. The oils that are produced at this stage of "Past the Peak Oil" requires more energy to process and 'create' gas out of CARBON SUBSTANCES.
Murkowski wants the petroleum industry to continue to punch holes in Earth to extract methane gas the the very exciting 'condensates' that are sincerely oil, but, appears to be similar.
Murkowski has no moral conscience when it comes to the Climate Crisis. She sees all that happening anyway only it would be Russia or China or some other nation 'getting all the money' when they export their carbon substances. She sees no real problem with competing for the same markets even though it causes greater and greater hardship for people, both, that provide the land to drill on and those that receive it. Basically, what Murkowski is STILL saying is continue to look the other way so we can compete with every other country on Earth. Rather than rising to offer a better idea to supply energy and export American Energy Technology to remove carbon as an energy source. She is corrupt and doesn't care how the USA competes in the world. She only cares about the money any NATURAL RESOURCE that the USA owns.
She wants to seek more production of carbon fuels by increasing the demand for 'making' oil from rock. It isn't enough she wants to export natural gas and coal, she wants to see condensates as a 'nice surprise.' She wants to deregulate everything and allow high carbon dioxide emissions OUTSIDE the USA.
Think Halliburton.
Gas oil, naphtha and other relatively light hydrocarbons (with some dissolved hydrocarbon gases such as butane and propane) which remain liquid at normal temperature and pressure. Recovered mainly from gas reservoirs, condensates are very similar to light stabilized crude oil and are used as feedstock for oil refining and other petrochemical industries.
The only people that consider condensate a 'dangerous good' is the petroleum industry.
Condensate is considered a “dangerous good”, and is classified as a highly toxic substance by the federal government. It is highly flammable, and under certain conditions, explosive. It is toxic in its liquid form, and vapours are extremely toxic also.
The use of the word 'condensates' is arbitrary. It is a grade of oil derived from some source in the world of petroleum. The reason there is liquid oil in the ground is because of carbon material that devolved to oil UNDER PRESSURE.
"Condensates" tend to be lighter in color, too, all the way to water-clear and often to straw-yellow or light green, though some are deep black. "Oils" run a broad range of colors from deep black to light straw, with varying tints of green, brown, red, and even blue.
As to price, the "sweet spot" is somewhere in the middle of the range (the price you hear on the news is for either "light sweet crude" or "West Texas Intermediate". Lighter crudes (& condensates) are easier to process for many products (gasoline, gas, petrochemicals) but have less total energy content.
There is a spectrum of oil classified to help the industry understand the characteristics of that source to determine how it is obtained and processed.
There is a Google Book Link that is entitled, "The properties of petroleum products" (click here)
Definition - CONDENSATE
As natural gas comes to the surface, pressure is released and temperatures are lowered, and some of the gas content naturally condenses into a light oil called condensate.
The layers of Earth are primarily liquid, except for the upper layers. The deeper one goes into Earth's mass there are two qualities guaranteed to be similar, the ROCK is no longer rock as we think about it.
The oil condensates are the same principle. When drilling takes place there is all kinds of changes to Earth's mass at that particular point. There is release of gas and there is movement of liquid. Some of the gas as it reaches the surface of the planet condenses as the pressure is relieved into a form of oil.
The reason Murkowski is ecstatic about it because it can be obtained from gas drills.
The petroleum industry knows no conscience. They will continue to pay off legislators so they can continue these practices, regardless of water pollution and seismic activity. The oils that are produced at this stage of "Past the Peak Oil" requires more energy to process and 'create' gas out of CARBON SUBSTANCES.
Murkowski wants the petroleum industry to continue to punch holes in Earth to extract methane gas the the very exciting 'condensates' that are sincerely oil, but, appears to be similar.
Murkowski has no moral conscience when it comes to the Climate Crisis. She sees all that happening anyway only it would be Russia or China or some other nation 'getting all the money' when they export their carbon substances. She sees no real problem with competing for the same markets even though it causes greater and greater hardship for people, both, that provide the land to drill on and those that receive it. Basically, what Murkowski is STILL saying is continue to look the other way so we can compete with every other country on Earth. Rather than rising to offer a better idea to supply energy and export American Energy Technology to remove carbon as an energy source. She is corrupt and doesn't care how the USA competes in the world. She only cares about the money any NATURAL RESOURCE that the USA owns.
