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Am J Epidemiol. 1979 Jan;109(1):71-80. (click here)
Vibrio parahaemolyticus gastroenteritis outbreaks aboard two cruise ships.
Lawrence DN, Blake PA, Yashuk JC, Wells JG, Creech WB, Hughes JH.
Abstract
Outbreaks of Vibrio parahaemolyticus gastrointestinal illness occurred on two Caribbean cruise ships in late 1974 and early 1975. In all, 697 passengers and 27 crew were affected. Epidemiologic evidence incriminated seafoods served on the ships as the vehicles of transmission. The seafoods were probably contaminated by V. parahaemolyticus after cooking in seawater from the ships' internal seawater distribution systems. Use of seawater in foodhandling areas was discontinued, and no further outbreaks occurred.
This particular study has found an increase in Vibrio bacteria. That is a huge problem, not just for cruise ships, but, fisheries, too.
Am J Epidemiol. 1979 Jan;109(1):71-80. (click here)
Vibrio parahaemolyticus gastroenteritis outbreaks aboard two cruise ships.
Lawrence DN, Blake PA, Yashuk JC, Wells JG, Creech WB, Hughes JH.
Abstract
Outbreaks of Vibrio parahaemolyticus gastrointestinal illness occurred on two Caribbean cruise ships in late 1974 and early 1975. In all, 697 passengers and 27 crew were affected. Epidemiologic evidence incriminated seafoods served on the ships as the vehicles of transmission. The seafoods were probably contaminated by V. parahaemolyticus after cooking in seawater from the ships' internal seawater distribution systems. Use of seawater in foodhandling areas was discontinued, and no further outbreaks occurred.
This particular study has found an increase in Vibrio bacteria. That is a huge problem, not just for cruise ships, but, fisheries, too.
...Species of Vibrio bacteria (click here) are ubiquitous throughout the oceans. They thrive everywhere from surface waters to the deep sea, and from the coast to the open ocean. You may have heard about the bacteria from cases where it has sickened people with vibrosis, the effects of which can range from cramps and nausea to death in the most severe cases. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, most of the 80,000 Americans who contract the illness each year fall ill after eating contaminated seafood, particularly raw oysters. It’s also possible to contract the illness through exposure of an open wound to seawater.
Although Vibrio are widespread, found mainly in association with marine plankton organisms, they tend to flourish in higher concentrations when water is warm. That’s why most infections occur between May and October. And on the longer term, research led by Luigi Vezzulli of the University of Genoa in Italy, shows that warming sea surface temperatures are also playing a role in the spread of this bacteria and their associated diseases....
...During which months are people more likely to get vibriosis? (click here)
About 80% of infections occur between May and October when water temperatures are warmer.
How common is vibriosis?
CDC estimates that vibriosis causes 80,000 illnesses each year in the United States. About 52,000 of these illnesses are estimated to be the result of eating contaminated food.
The most commonly reported species, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, is estimated to cause 45,000 illnesses each year in the United States.
Is vibriosis a serious disease?
Most people with a mild case of vibriosis recover after about 3 days with no lasting effects. However, people with a Vibrio vulnificus infection can get seriously ill and need intensive care or limb amputation. About 1 in 4 people with this type of infection die, sometimes within a day or two of becoming ill....
The trend is better addressed by Europe. There needs to be a cross-ocean strategy to control the growth in a warm and warming Atlantic Ocean.
...During which months are people more likely to get vibriosis? (click here)
About 80% of infections occur between May and October when water temperatures are warmer.
How common is vibriosis?
CDC estimates that vibriosis causes 80,000 illnesses each year in the United States. About 52,000 of these illnesses are estimated to be the result of eating contaminated food.
The most commonly reported species, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, is estimated to cause 45,000 illnesses each year in the United States.
Is vibriosis a serious disease?
Most people with a mild case of vibriosis recover after about 3 days with no lasting effects. However, people with a Vibrio vulnificus infection can get seriously ill and need intensive care or limb amputation. About 1 in 4 people with this type of infection die, sometimes within a day or two of becoming ill....
The trend is better addressed by Europe. There needs to be a cross-ocean strategy to control the growth in a warm and warming Atlantic Ocean.
